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V      r  ■— rw-n 


At  the  same  house  ( MyrreiP*)  is  a  volume  of  a 
different  goit  j  but  one  redolent  of  interest  to  boo&- 
fcuntere:  This  is  a  copy  of  Cadwaliader  Goiden's 
History  of  the  Five  Id  than  Nations,  printed  Oy 
Bradford,  in -the  year  1727,  la  a  recent  and  highly, 
prized  woik  upon  private  libraries,  it  U  stated,  I 
believe,'  that  only  two  copiea  of  tins  edition  are  ia  ex- 
istence., and  that  these  are  impeifeet.  Mr,  Morreu's ! 
copy  is  perfect,  however ;  consequently,  the  learned 
gentleman  referred  to  is  in  error. 


"D 


/ 


I 


C  .  C  OLBE^ESQ 


fnt 

TORY, 

t  F    T  HE                             1 

DlAN  Nattofif        I 

jig  on  the  Province                  || 

OF                                    1 

^-YORK 

Americd. 

%  m  m  &  m  H 

£fe  ^  ^  ^>'r-  »"'"*                                                                          [1 
«fo  3&  Afc  .-$&  &£  £& 

d   by  William  Bradford  lit 



thI                  1 

HISTORY  I 

6  F    THE                           1| 

five  Indian  ttatfaal      1 

Depending  6n  the  Province 

V                             O  F                                     I 

NEW-YORK    I 

la  Amrkdi.                  1 

^  ^  ft  ft  8*  ft-  &                                           '  1| 

OsGGi£> -.>:;>  -^^i^wgwd                                                                           III 
♦  'a   ^'^^^"JI^V                                                                            IB 

printed  &nd  Sold  by  Vl;iIIiam  Bradford  l&              g 

(&\ 

I  A- 


T  Q 

His  Excellency 

WiUiam  Burner  f/$ 

Captain  General  and  Governor  in 

Chief  of  the  Provinces  of  New ~Tor 'jL 
JSlcw-Jerfey,  and  Territories  thereof 
depending ,  in  America ,  aud  Vice- 
Admiral  of  the  fame*  fcfe. 


SIR; 

TMc  Indian  Affairs  of  this  Province 
have  appear'd  to  your  Excellency 
of  fuch  Importance  to  the  WelA 
fare  of  the  People  here,  that  you;  have 
Carefully  apply 'd  your  Thoughts  to  them, 
in  which  I  hope  your  Excellency  will  have 
fiich  Succefs,  that  not  only  the  prefentGe- 
neration  (hall  enjoy  the  Benefit  of  youc 
C^are,  but  our  latcftPoit^rity  lifcewife  may 

ble& 


sss 


IV.       DED  1CA  TION, 

Country's  Honour  would  be  at  ftake,  fey 
it,  but  gave  their  Bodies  willingly  up  to 
the  moft  cruel  Torments  of  their  Enemies* 
to  (hew,  that  the  Five  Nations  <:onfifted  of 
Men  whofe  Courage  and  Refolution  could 
not  be  fhaken.  They  folly,  however, 
ijhefe  noble  Verities  by  that  cruel  Paffion 
Revenge,  which  they  think  not  only  law- 
ful, but  Honourable  to  exert  without 
Mercy  on  their  Country's  Enemies,  and 
for  this  only  they  cl^ferve  the  Name  of 
Barbarians.  „ 

But  what  have  we  Chrijlians  done  to 
make  them  better  ?  Alas !  we  have  reafon 
to  be  aChamed,  that  thefe  Infidels,  by  our. 
Conyerfation  and  Neighbourhood,  are 
become  worfe  than  they  were  before  they 
|cnew  us.  Inftead  of  Verities  we  have  only. 
taught  them  Vices ;,  that  they  were  entirely 
free  of  before  that  time.  The  narrow 
Views  of  private  Interefi  have  occafioned 
this,  and  will  occafion  greater,  eveix 
jpublick  Mifehiefs,  if  the  Governors  of 
the  People  do  not,  like  true  Patriots^ 
exert  themfelves,  and  put  a  flop  to  thefe 
.growing  Evils.     If  thefe   Prafticea   bs 

winked. 


D  ED  ICATlO  N 


V: 


M 


^irikect  at,  inftead  of  faithful  Friends  that 
have  Manfully  fought  our  Battles  for  us, 
the  Five  Nations  will  become  faithlefs 
Thieves  and  Robbers,  and  joyn  with  every 
Enemy  that  can  give  them  the  hopes  of 
blunder* 

If  care  were  taken  to  plant  itithem,  and 
cultivate  ,r  that  general  Benevolence  to 
Mankind^  which  is  the  true  Principle  of 
yertue,  it  would  effe£fcually  eradicate  thofe 
horrid  Pices occafioned  by  their  Unbounded 
Hevenge  $  and  then  the  Five  Nations  would 
no  longer  deferve  the  Name  of  Barba- 
rians, but  would  become  a  People  whofe 
Friendship  might  add  Honour  to  the  British 
Nation,  tho*  they  be  now  too  generally 
defpifed* 

The  Qreeks  StRomans,oncc  as  machBar~ 
barians  is  our  Indians  now  are3  deifjed  the 
Hero's  that  firft  taught  them  the  Vertues^ 
froha  whence  the  Grandeiir  of  thofe  Re- 
tiowned  Nations  wholly  proceeded  *  but  a 
good  Man  will  feel  more  real  Satisfa&ion 
ipd  Pleafure  from  the  Senfe  of  having  any 
Way  forwarded  the  Civilizing  of  Bar  bar* 
Ms  Nations,  or  of  having  Multiplied  the 

Number 


Vt;        pEDlCJTTON. 

Number  of  good  Men,thm  from  the  fondeft 
;  of  fitch  extravagant  Honour. 


Thefe  Confiderafions,  I  believe,  \voiild 
make  yoiir  Excellency  think  a  good  Hdjlor) 
df  the  Plve  Nations  Worthy  of  your  Pa* 
tronage.  As  to  this,  I  only  hope,  that 
Vou  will  look  ob  oly  offering  the  follow* 
Irig  Account,  however  meanly  perform^ 
to  proceed  from  the  Defire  I  hare  of 
making  fome  Publick  Profeilion  of  ttiaf 
Gratitude  Vfhieh  is  fo  much  the  Dut^ 

Stk, 

tour  Mofi  bkiigefi 
4nd  Mofi  Qbtwvk 

U&mbU  Servant^ 


CSadwalkder  CoM^li* 


sss 


VU. 
the  PREFACE. 

T Hough  every  one  that  is  in  the  leaft  acquainted  with 
the  Affairs  of  North-  America ,  knows  of  what 
Confequence  the  Indians  j  commonly  known  to 
the  People  of  New-York  by  the  Name  ©f  the  Five  Nations, 
are  both  in  Peace  and  Wat,  I  know  of  no  Accounts  of  them 
Published  in  English*  but  what  are  meer  Tranfiations  of 
French  Authors.  This  feems  to  throw  feme  Reflection  on 
the  Inhabitants  of  this  Province,  as  if  we  wanted  Curiofity 
to  enquire  into  our  own  Affairs,  and  that  we  were  willing 
to  reft  fatisned  with  the  Accounts  the  French  give  us  of  out 
own  Indians,  notwithstanding  that  the  French  inCanadai.it 
always  in  a  different  Xntereft,  and  fometimes  in  open  Ho- 
ftility  with  us.  This  Confederation^  I  hope,  will  juftify 
my  attempting  to  write  an  Hiftory  of  the  Five  Nations  at  this 
time  j  and  my  endeavouring  to  remove  that  Blame  with 
which  we  may  be  charged,  perhaps  will  attqne  for  man/ 
Faults  which  the  want  of  Capacity  may,  have  occahoned. 

Having  had  the  Perufal  of  the  Minutes  of  the  Commiffi* 
enersfor  Indian  Aj]  airs  i  I  have  been  enabled  to  cor&ft  many- 
Materials  for  this  Hiilory,  which  are  not  to  be  found  any 
where  elfe  :  And  this  Collection  will,  at  leaft,  be  ufefui 
to  any  Perfon  of  more  Capacity,  who  shall  afterwards  un- 
dertake this  Task  When  a  Hiftory  of  thefe  Nations  shall  be 
well  wrote,it  will  be  of  -great  uie  to  all  the  British  Colonies  in 
North-America  j  for  it  may  enable  them  to  learn  Experience 
at  the  Expeiice  of  others  >  and  if  lean  contribute  any  thing 
to  fo  good  a  Purpofe,  I  shall  not  think  my  labour  loft. 

It  will  be  neceifary  to  Excufe  two  things  in  the  follow- 
ing Performance,  which,  I  am  afraid,  will  be  found  fault 
with  by  -thofc  that  are  the  beft  Judges.  The  Fvrfl  is.  My 
(  b  )  filjing 


■  ■■■■■■...:^ 


VIII.  The  P  k  E  F  A  C  E. 

filling  up  fc  great  part  of  the  Work  with  the  Adventures  of 
imall  Parties,  and  fometimes  with  thofeof  one  fingleMan. 
The  Second  is,  The  inferring  fb  many  Speeches  at  length,  I 
muftconfefs,  that  I  have  done  both  thefe  deflgnedly. 

As  to  the  Firfty  The  Hiftory  of  Indians  would  be  very  lame 
xvithout  an  Account  of  thefe  Private  Adventures  ,*  for  their 
War-like  Expeditions  are  almoft  always  carried  on  by  Sur- 
prising each  other ,  and  their  whole  Art  of  War  ton/ills 
in  managing  fma.ll  Parties.  The  whole  Country  being  one 
continued  Forreft,  gives  great  Advantages  to  thefe  Sc'ulk- 
ing  Parries, ,  and  has  obliged  the  Cbrifiians  to  imitate  the 
Indians  in  this  Method  of  making  War,  I  belie  v'd  like- 
wife,  that  fome  would  be  curious  to  know  the  Manners  and 
Cuftoms  of  the  Indians ',  in  their  Publick  Treaties  efpecially, 
who  could  not  be  iaisfled  without  taking  Notice  of  feveral 
minute  Circumftances,and  fome  things  otherwife  of  no  Con- 
fluence. We  are  fond  of  fearching  into  Remote  Anti- 
quity, to  know  the  Manners  of  our  Earlieft  Progenitors :  if 
■I  be  not  mifbken,  the  Indians  are  living  Images  of  them. 

My  Deiign  in  the  Second  was,  That  thereby  the  Genius 
of  the  Indians  might  better  appear.  An  Hiftorian  may 
paint  Mens  Actions  in  lively  Colours,  or  in  faint  Shades, 
as  he  likes  belt^  and  in  both  cafes  preferve  a  perfed  Like- 
nefs :  But  it  will  be  a  difficult  Task  to  show  the  Wit,  an3 
judgment,  and  Art,  and  Simplicity,  and  Ignorance  of  the 
feveral  Parries,managingaTreaty,in  otherWords  than  theif 
■4s>wn.  As  to  my  part,  I  thought  my  felf  uncapable  of  doing 
k,  without  depriving  the  judicious  Obferyer  of  the  Oppor- 
tunity of  difcovering  much  of  the  Indian  Genius ,  by  my 
Contracting  or  Paraphraimg  their  Barrangues,  and  without 
committing  often  grofs  Miftakes.  For,  on  thefe  Occa- 
sions* a  skilful  Manager  often  talks  Confuiedly  and  Obfcure^ 
ly  with  deiign  $  which  if  an  Hiftorian  should  endeavour 
to  amend*  the  Reader  would  receire  the  Hiftory  in  a  falfe 
Light, 

The' 


The    P.  RE  PA  C  E. 


IX. 


The  Reader  will  find  a  great  Difference  between  ibme  of 
the  Speeches  made  at  Albany,  and  thofe  taken  from  the 
French  Authors.  The  firft  are  genuine,  and  truly  related,  ( 
as  delivered  by  the  Sworn  Interpreters,  and  where  Truth 
only  is  required  j  a  rough  Stile  with  it,  is  preferable  to  Elo- 
quence without  it.  ?ut  I  mud  own,  that  /  fiifpecl:  our 
Interpreters  may  not  have  done  Juftice  to  the  Indian  Elo- 
quence* For,  the  Indians  having  but  few  words,  and  few 
complex  Ideas,  ufe  many  Metaphors  in  their  Difcourfe, 
which  interpreted  by  an  hefitating  Tongue,  may  appear 
mean,  and  ftrikei  our  Imagination  faintly,  but  under  the 
Pen  of  a  skilful  Interpreter  may  ftrongly  move  our  PaijGo.ns 
by  their  lively  Images*  I  have  heard  an  Oldl^diavi  Sa~ 
cbgm  ipeak  with;  much  Vivacity  and  Elocution,  fo  that  the 
Speaker  pleas  cd  and  moved  the  Auditors  with  the  manner 
ot  delivering  his  Difcourfe  •,  which,  however,  as  it  came 
from  the  Interpreter,  difappointed  us  in  ©Ur  Expectations. 
After  the  Speaker  had  employed  a  confiderable  time  in  Ha« 
ranguing  with  much  Elocusion,  the  Interpreter  often  ex- 
plained the  whole  by  one  fingle  Sentence,  I  believe  the 
Speaker  in  that  time  imbellished  and  coloured  his  Figures^ 
that  they  might  have  their  full  force  on  the  Imagination, 
while  the  Interpreter  contented  himfelf  with  the  Senfe* 
in  as  few  words  as  it  could  be,  exprefL 

He  that  firil  writes  the  Hiftory  of  Matters  which  are  not. 
generally  known,  ought  to  avoid,  as  much  as  pcfllble,  to, 
make  the  Evidence  of  the  Truth  depend  entirely  on  his  owi* 
Veracity  and  Judgment ;  For  this  re&fon  I  have  often  related' 
feverajf  Tranfe&ions  in  the  Words,  of  the  Regif^ers.  When, 
this  is  once  done,,  he  that  shall  wate  afterwards  need  notacli 
with  fo  much  Cautioiv 

The  Hiftory  of  Indians,  wellwrote^  wouMgivesji  agrce-v 
able  Amufement  to  many,  every  one  might 'find  fomethurgr 
therein  fuked  to  his  own  PaJkt  r  but  even  then,  every  Lir2'  r 
would  not'  pleafe  every  Man  l   ©&  dfe  gqwx2i$ y*  one.  wii| 
(  b  2-  V.  ."  '      p raife, 


X. 


The  F  R  E  F  A  C  t. 


praife  what  another  condemns,  and  one  defires  to  know 
what  another  thinks  not  worth  the  trouble  of  Readings 
And  therefore,  I  think,  it  is  better  to  run  the  Rifque  of 
being  fbmetimes  Tedious,  than  to  omit  any  thing  that: 
may  be  UfefuL 

I  have  fbmetimes  thought  that  the  Hiftories  wrote  with 
#11  the  Delicacy  of  a  fine  Romance,  are  like  French  Dishes^ 
more  agreeable  to  the  Pallat  than  the  Stomach,  and  lefs 
whojfom  than  more  common  and  courfer  Dyet, 

An  Hiftorian's  Views  rnuft  be  various  and  extenflve,  and 
the  Hiftory  of  different  People  and  different  Ages,  requires 
different  Rules,  and  often  different  Abilities  to  write  it  2 
I  hope,  therefore,  the  Reader  will  receive  this  firffc  At- 
tempt of  the  kind,  in  this  Country,  with  more  than  ufually 
Favourable  Allowances., 

The  Inhabitants  o&.Nenu-York  have  been  much  more 
concerned  in  the  Tranfa&ions  which  followed  the  year  1  tf  8  8 , 
than  in  thofe  which  preceeded  that  year.  As  it  requires  un- 
common Courage  and  J^efolution  to  engage  willingly  in 
ih&  Wars  of  Cruel  and  Barbarous  Enemies ;  I  should  be 
ferry,  to  forget  any  that  may  deferve  to  be  remembred  by 
their  Country  with  gratitude*?  The  Firfl  Part  of  this  Hi- 
ftory going  abroad  by  it  felf,  may  give  thofe  that  have  any 
Memoirs  of  sheir  Friends  who  have  diftinguished  them^ 
ielves,  an  opportunity  of  Communicating  them,  and  may 
thereby  enable  the  Writer  hereof  to  do  feme  Juftiee  to  their 
Merit. 

They  likewife  that  are  better  acquainted  with  the  Indian 
Affairs  may,  perhaps,  find  fome  Miftakes  in  what  is  now 
Published,  and  may  know  fome  things  which  I  know  not, 
if  they  will  be  fo  kind  as  to  Communicate  them,  I  shall 
ghdly  Amend  and  Infert  them  in  what  is  to  follow, 

C.    C.  ' 


Xt: 


A  (hort  VOCABULARY  of  feme  Werds  m& 
Names  ufed  by  the  French  Authors,  which  arc 
not  generally  understood  by  the  Enghfh  that  un- 
derhand the  French  Language,  and  may  therefore 
be  Vfeful  tothofe  that  intend  to  read  the  French 
Accounts,  or  compare  them  with  the,  Accounts 
now  Publijhed. 

Names  ufed by  tU  French. 

A  BENAGUiES, 


ALGONKINS, 
AMlHOU%  ' 


ANIEZ, 


BAY   desPUANS, 
CHYGAGON, 
CORLAER  on 
CORLARD, 


DE-TROXT> 


'Jfye  fame  are  caMed  by  the 
English  or  Eive  Nations. 

OWENAGUNGAS,  tie 
New -England  Indians^ 
and  are  fornetimes  called  the 
Eaftern-Indians. 

ADXRONDACKS, 

DIONONDADIES  or  TUI- 
NUKDADEKS,  a  Branch 
or  Tribe  of  the  Quatoghies^ 

MOHAWKS,    called  Maauas 

'**  by  the  Dutch  living  in  die 
Province  of  Nev3*Yorh* 

ENITAJICHE. 

CONERAGHIK, 

SCHENECTADY.  But  the 
five-  Nations  generally  cal! 
the  Governor  of  Ne to  -  York 
by  this  Name,  and  they  often 
like*wif  e  comprehend  under  it 
the  People  of  this  Province. 

TEUCHSAGRONDIE, 

HURONS, 


xri:     ^swvocabulary; 


MAMIES* 

mMESSIUMAKINAK 

MSXEA±ESj, 
.  NADOOESSIAU3J^ 

CHgEYOOTS* 
CM^MTID* 


sss 


2J#  ^*s>  are  sailed  by  fa 

English  or  Five  Nations 

QUATOGHE.  BurtheFy«K* 

fiow   generally  call  thofe  of4 
that  Nation  only  Hurons.who 
live  at  Miffi/imakmack,  and 
who  are-called  Dionendadiks 
vm&on  by  the  Fhe  Nations 
CHICTAGHIKS,         '      ' 
The  FIVE  NATIONS. 
CANIATARE  QUATOGHe  - 

or  Quatoghe  Lake. 
&CAKBOOK  INDIANS. 
NEW -YORK.     The   IflanJ 
on  which  the,  City  flands  was  ' 
called  Manhattan  by  the  fL 
dmns>   and  ftill  retains  that* 
Name  with  the  old  Dutch 
Inhabitants* 

QDISTASTAGHEKS, 

MAHIKANDER  or  'him* 

Indians* 
TWIHTWIES, 
TEtABONDORAGHXE, 

ACH3ISAGHEKS. 
NADUISSEKS.     v 

ONEYDOES. 

tONNONDIO,    The  Nam* 
'  given  to  the  Governor  ef  Ca-' 

mad®  by  the  Five  Natrons* 
;  CADARACKUl  LAKE, 
r  ALBANY.  The  Butch  of  this 
Pxovkics:  call  this.  J>|a<:e  jft& 
Orange-  m  this  Day^ "'  beingf 
the\Nbj>Ete  given  to  it  fey  the 
Hollanders  when  they  po$e£* 
fed:  this.  Country* 


rAShort  VOCABULARY.      XHL 

$fames  ufidbj  the  French^ 


O0TAGAMIES, 


OUTAWAES, 


&ENARDS, 

SAUTEURS, 

SHAOUONONS, 

TATERAS, 

TERRE  ROUGE, 

TONGORIAS, 

TSONONTOUANS* 


The  fame  are  called  %j  tks 

English  or  Five  Nations 
Under  this   Name  the  Frmfa 
comprehend  the  Qmkf&s  and 

UTAWAWAS  or  Wagmfc'tsl 
and  {omaimzsNecwiagesjibg, 
English  generally  compeer 
Jfeend  under  the,  Name  €$*- 
nvawaszit  the  Nations  living 
near  Mi$lzimkiMk* 

QUAK5IES, 

ESTIAGHIKS, 

3ATANAS, 

TODERIK^, 

SCUNKSIKS, 

ERIGEKS, 

SENNEKAS. 


•N.  -5.  The  Five  Nationti.  as  they  ha^c  fevriaBy  a  Dii*  ■ 
ferent  Dialed,  ufe  different  Terminations,  and  the  Frewtfa 
generally  diftinguishthat  Sound  in  the  Indian  Language  bj 
(  i  )  which  the  English  do  by  { d)  kit  I  A»\c  negKe&esi 
fiich  /mail  Differences; 


&#4HMMmHMHMHHHHHI         »# 


A 


I  ' 


XIV. 


imi 


A    Short    VIEW 

OF    THE 

orm  of  Government 

O  F    T  H  E 

FIVE    NATIONS, 


IT  is  neccflary  to  know  fomething  of  the 
Form  of  Government  of  the  People  whofe 
Hiftory  one  reads.  A  few  words  will 
ferve  to  give  the  Reader  a  general  Notion  of 
that  of  the  Fivd  Nations,  becaufe  it  ftill  remains 
glider  Original  Simplicity,  free  from  thofe 
complicated  Contrivances  which  have  become 
neceflary  to  thofe  Nations  where  Deceit  and 
Cunning  have  increafed  as:  much  as  their 
Knowledge  and  Wifdom. 

The  Five  Nations  (as  their  Name  denotes) 
confift  of  fo  many  Tribes  or  Nations  joyn5d 
together  by  a  League  ?or  Confederacy,  like 
the  Vnhgd  Provinces^  without  any  Superiority 
of  any  one  Over  the  other.  This  Union  has 
continued  fo  long  that  the  Chriflians  know  no* 
thing  of  the  Original  of  it. 

They  are  known  to  the  Englifi  under  the 

Names 


A  Short  Flew,    *fc  'WW 

Names  of  Mohawk!  <  Oneydots,  Omondag^ 
Corn*  and  Sennets.-  but  it  is  probable  that  this 
llmon  at  firft  confifted  only  of  three  Nations 
«t  the  Mohawks,  Onmndagas  and  Semens,  and 
that  the  Oneydoes  and  Cayuga*  were  afterwards 
adopted  or  received  into  this  League ;  for  thp 
Oneydoes  acknowledge  the  Mohawks  to  be  their 
Fathers*  as  the  Cayugas  do  the  Sennets  to  be 

jtlicirs 

'  Each  of  the  Nations  are  diftinguimed  into  5 
•Tribes  or  Families,who  diftinguifh  themfelves 
by  three  different  forts  of  Arms  or  Enfigns,^. 
thcTortoife,thcBear&thcmife.  The  Sachems 
of  thefe  Families,  when  they  fign  any  Publick 
Papers,  put  the  Mark  or  Enfign  of  their  **- 

m  E^ch  Nation  is  an  abfolute  Rcpublick  by  ite 
felfgovern'd  in  all  Publick  Affiurs  of  War  and 
Peaa  by  the  Sachems  or  Old  Men,  whofe  Au- 
thority and  Power  is  gain'd  by  and  conuits 
Wholly  in  the  Opinion  the  reft  of  the  Nation 
have  of  their  Wfdom  and  Integrity  They  never 
execute  their  Refolutkms  by  Compulfion  or 
Force  upon  any  of  their  People.  Honour  and 
Elieem  are  their  Principal  Rewards,as  Shame  be 
being  Defpifed  are  their  Punifhments.  They 
have  certain  Cuftoms  which  they  obferve  m 
their  Publick  Affairs  with  other  Nations,  and 
in  their  Private  Affairs  among  themfelves. 
Which  it  isfcandah*t  for  any  one  not  to  obferve, 


^ 


a=^« 


MVt  A  Shm  View  of  thi 

and  draw  after  them  publick  or  private  Xifi*£ 
pm  when  they  are  broke. 

Their  Generals  and  Captains  obtain  their  Ai*. 
thority  likewife  by  the  generalOpinion  of  their 
Courage  m&  Condutt,  and  laofe  it  by  3  <#«/#r*  in 
thofe  Venues. 

Their  Greaf  Men>  hoth  Sachem  $^  and  Captains, 
are  generally  poorer  than  the  common.  Peoplf , 
for  they  afted  to  give  away  and  diftribute  all 
the  Prefents  or  Plunder  they  get  in  their  Treaties 
or  War,  fo  as  to  leave  nothing  to  th^mfelves  5 
If  they  fhould  once  be  fofpe&ed  of  Selfijhnefe, 
they  would  grow  mean  in  the  Opinion  of  their 
'Country-men,  and  would  consequently  Joofe 
their  Authority. 

Their  Affairs  of  Great  Conference,  whiqh 
concern  all  the  Nations,  are  Tranfa&ed  in  a 
General  Meeting  of  the  Sackmsi  of  every  Nation. 
Thefe  Conventions  are  generally  held  at  Qn- 
mmdaga.whkhis  nearly  in  the  Center  of  all  the 
FWe  Nations.  But  they  have  fixed  iipon  Albany 
to  be  the  Place  for  their  Solemn  Treaties  with 
the  Englifh  Colonies. 

The  Tufiaroras,  finqe  the  War  they  had  with 
the  People  of  Carolina,  fled  tp  the  Five  Nation^ 
and  are  now  incorporated  with  them,  fo  thgt 
they  now  properly  confift  of  Six  Nations,  '(the* 
they  ftill  retain  the  old  Name  among,  the  Eng- 
UJh.)  The  Tufiaroras,  fince  they  canie  under 
the  Government  of  New-Tor^  behave  them- 

felvcs 


ass 


"\m  ■■■■■■■ 


G$vir*m*H*  ef  the  f  Nations^        X VJ3 

ftlves  wel|,  and  remain  peaceable  and  quiet* 
By  which  may  be  leen  the  advantage  of  uluig; 
the  Indians  well ;  and,  I  believe,  if  they  were 
ftill  better  ufed,  (as  there  is  room  enough  to 
do  it)  the  Indians  would  be  proportionabljf 
more  Ufeful  to  us. 

As  I  am  fond  to  think,  that  theprefent  ihm 
of  the  Indian  Nations  exaftly  fhows  the  mA 
Anciem  and  Original  Condition  of  almoft  every 
Nation ;  fo  I  believe,  here  we  may  with  more 
certainty  fee  the  Original  Form  of  all  Government^ 
than  in  the  mo  ft:  curious  Speculations  of  the  Learn* 
ed  y  and  that  the  Patriarchal,  and  other  Schemes 
in  Politicks  are  no  better  than  Hypothefes  in  Phi* 
bfiphy,  and  as  prejudicial  to  real  Knowledge* 

I  ftiall  only  add  the  Character  which  Mont 
Be  la  Poterie  gives  of  the  Five  Nations,  in  hit 
Hiftory  of  North^Am$ricay  viz.. 

"  When  one  talks  (fays  he)  of  the  Mm 
,c  Nations  in  France,  they  are  thought,  by  a 
6  common  Miftake ,  to  be  meer  Barbarians, 
16  always  thirfting  after  Human  Blood,  but 
"  their  true  Character  is  very  different:  They 
'c  %%£  the  Fierce/}  and  moft  Formidable.  People  in 
%i  North  America,  and  at  the  fame  time  as  Pol 

litic^&nd  Judicious  as  well  can  be  conceived. 
K  ^*M£  appears  from  their  Management  of  the 
t§  Affairs  which  they  Tranfacl:a  not  only  with 
"  the  French  and  Englifh,  but  likewife  with 
";  almoft  all  the  Indian  Nmms  oi  this  vat 
11  Continent. 


I 


mmMmMmmm%mm- 


ErratC 


(Ag.fi  Ime  18.  for  of  the  read  ofthefe.  Po  13; 
1.  9.  f.  Naoiom  r.  Nations.  P.  17.  1. 19,  for 
Nipermniens  r.  Nepiceriniem^  \.%f.  dele towards 
the.  P.  £4.  L  t?.  dele  «R**«  P.  28, 1.  i$,  for 
aecomparied  r.  accompanied.  P.  ^6.  1.  II.  i.was 
r,  wm'.  P.  74. 1.  lilt,  f.  Dedonondadil^  r.  Beonon-* 
dadik.  P.  80.  1.  16,  f.  did  not  J  wefcould  x.dv 
not,  wefiall.  P.  94.  1.  ult.  £  P^eWe  r.  iW*>. 
P.  rii.  k  2§.  f.  Prevent,  Mr.  r.  prevent  this,  Mr. 
P-m  115*.  L  2,3.  f.  #>^»  r.  */?*».  There  are  fome 
other  fmall  Errors,  which  do  not  affect  the 
Senfe*  and  the  Reader  may  eafily  eorre£L 


•      ADVERTISEMENT. 

rTP  Here  is  now  Published  a .  M  A  P  of  the  great  lakes* 

J       Rivers  and  Indian  Countries  mentioned  in  the  en- 

fuing  KiAory.    Priated  and  Sold  by  Wf/SflW  Br^fird  in 

New-York*    2 


HISTORY 

OF    THE 

Five  INDIAN  Nations 

Depending  on  the  Province  of  NEW-  TORR* 
PART    I. 


ill 


From  the  firft  Knowledge  the  Chriftians  had  of 
the  Five  Nations,  to  the  Time  of  the  happy 
Revolution  in  Great  Britain. 


*** 


CHAR    I. 


The  Wars  cf  the  Five  Natiorls  with  the  Adiroiw 
dacks    and  Q|iatoghics, 


^He  firft  Account  we  hate  of  the  In* 
dUnsi  who  call  them  felves  Rodimmch-* 
fiomtj  now  coliniionly  known  by  thd 

A  Naxaf 


%  Hiftorjf  of  the  five  Chap.  I. 

Name  of  the  Five  Nations,  (and  by  the  French 
eallM  LeS  Iroquois)  was  from  the  French,  who 
fettled  Canada  under  Mr.  Champlain,  their  firft 
Governof,  in  the  year  1603.  fix  years  before 
the  Dutch  fettled  New-Terk.  When  the  French 
firft  arrived,  they  found  the  Adirondack  (by 
the  French  called  Algonkins)  at  War  with  the 
Five  Nations,  which,  they  tell  us,  was  occafi- 
oned  in  the  following  manner. 

(a)  The  Adirondack^  formerly  lived  about 
one  hundred  Leagues  above  Trois  Rivieres^ 
where  now  the  Vtawdwas  live  ;  at  that  time 
they  imploy'd  themfelves  wholly  in  Hunting, 
and  the  Five  Nations  made  Planting  of  Corn 
their  whole  bufinefs, 'by which  means  they  be- 
came ufeful  to  oneanother,and  lived  in  Friend- 
ship together,  the  Five  Nations  exchanging  with 
the  Adirondack  Corn  for  Venifon.  _  The  Adiron- 
dacks  valued  themfelves,  and  their  manner  of 
living,  as  more  Noble  than  that  of  the  Five 
Nations,  ard  defpi fed  them  for  that  reafon. 

At  Lift  the  Game  began  to  be  fcarce  with 
the  Adirondack,  they  therefore  defired  that 
feme  of  the  young  Men  of  the  Five  Nations 
might  joyn  with  them,  and afFift  them  in  their 
Hunting-,  which  the  Five  Nations  the  more  wil- 


( a )  Hiftoire  de  L£  Amerique  feptenrionale  par  Mr.  de 
«*Tcville<ls  ia  Potherie,  Vol.  1.  Lettre  n. 


■25S2 


art 


Indian  Nations. 


lingly  agreed  to,  in  hopes  that  thereby  thqir 
People  might  acquire  skill  in  Hunting, 

It  has  been  a  conftant  Cuftom  among  allthe 
Nations  of  Indians,  to  divide  them  {elves  into 
fmall  Companies  while  they  Hunt,  and  to 
divide  likewife  theCountry  imong  their  feveral 
Parties,  each  having  a  fpace  of  3  or  four  Miles 
Square  alloted  them,  in  which  none  of  the  ci- 
thers rnuft  pretend  to  Hunt ;  and  if  any  Nation 
ftiould  encroach  upon  the  Limits  of  another, 
in  their  hunting,  they  certainly  drawaW^r 
upon  themfelves. 

At  this  time  the  Adirondack*  were  obliged 
to  fpread  themfelves  far,  becaufe  of  the  fcarcity 
of  the  Game,  and  each  Party  took  fome  of  the 
Five  Nations  along  with  them,  who  being  lefs 
expert  than  the  Adirondack  perform'dmoft  of 
the  Drudgery  in  their  March.  One  of  the 
Parties,  which  confided  of  fix  Adirondzcks, 
and  as  many  of  the  Five  Nations,  marched 
further  than  any  of  the  reft,  in  hopes  of  the 
better  Sport :  They  had,  for  a  long  time  bad 
luck,  fo  as  to  be  obliged  to  live  upon  the 
Bark  of  Trees,  and  fome  Roots,  which  thofe 
of  the  Five  Nations  fcraped  out  of  the  ground, 
from  under  the  Snow.  This  extremity  obli- 
ged the  Adirondack  to  part  from  thofe  of  the 
Fwe  Nations,  each  making  a  feperate  ■Com- 
pany ;  and  after  they  had  agreed  on  a  Day  to 
return  to  a  Cabbin  where  both  of  them  left 
A  z  their 


BBPB 


j$  Hiflory  »f  the  five  Chap.J. 

their  Baggage,  each  tqok  his  Quarter  to  hunt 
in:  ThcAdirondackf  were  unlucky, and  returned, 
firfl:  to  the  Cabbin,  where  not  finding  thofe 
©f  the  Five  Nations,  they  did  not  doubt  6i  their 
being  dead  of  Hunger ;  but  thefe  young  Men 
/qf the  Five  Nations  wer£  becoirie  dextrous  with- 
their  Bows,  an4  very  cuning  in  approaching 
and  furprizing  their  Qame,  which  was  chiefly 
owing  to  their  being  more  patient  apd  able  to 
bear  Fatigues  and  Hardships  thm  ilic  Adiro^ 
$miq  /were,  accordingly  they  foon  arrived 
Joaded  with  the  flefh  of  Wild  Cows.  Thve 
Adirondack?  coiild  not  believe  that  they  were 
capable  of  lugh  an  Expedition,  without  being 
^ffift^d  by  iome  of  their  Nation.  However, 
;he  Jldirondxc^s  receive4  them  with  pleafant 
Countenances,  ^n4 '  congratulated  them  on 
their  Succefs.  Thole  of  the  fiveNations  made 
f  he  qther  a  Prefent  of  the  heft  of  theirVenifon; 
They  eat  together  with  muchCi  vility,  on  both 
fides  :  But  thcAMrondacks  becoming  Jealous  of 
This  Sucpefs,  confpircd  together,  and  in  die 
Night  tip^e  tpi^rdered  all  the  fi^  Men  of  the 
.fivg  Nations,  while  they  flept. Next  Morning 
the  4dirondacks  follow  M  their  Foot-fteps,  by 
which  they  lia$  returnM  to  the  Cabbin,  and 
found  "the  place  where  they  had  hunted,  and 
jnuch  Venifbn  whi^h  they  had  }ulle4,  which 
tl^z  ^dlronlaci^  dryed,  and  Carried  home  along 
with  them. 

The 


"Part  I,  "  Indian  Nations.  f 

The  reft  of  the  Five  Nations  enquired  after 
their  Companions ;  The  Adirondack aniwered 
very  cooly,  that  they  parted  foon  after  they 
had  left  home,  and  they  knew  not  what  was' 
become  of  them.  But  the  People  of  the  Five 
Nation?  being  impatient  to  know  fpmething 
certain  of  their  Companions,  fent  out  icveral 
Parties  in  queft  of  them  :  They  followed  the 
Foot-fteps  of  thofe  Hunters,  and  found  the 
fixDead  Bodies,  which  the  wild  Beafts  had  dug 
up;  and  upon  Examination  found  they  had 
beenMurdered,  They  mads  manyComplaints 
to  the  Chiefs  of  the  Adirondack!,  of  the  In- 
humanity of  this  Murder,  who  contented 
themfdves  with  blaming  the  Murderers,  and 
ordering  them  to  make  ibmefmall  Prefcntsto 
the  Relations  of  the  murdered  Perfons,- with- 
out being  appreheniive  of  the  Refcntment  of 
the  Five  Nations  ■  for  they  looked  upon  thetn  as 
men  not  capable  of  taking  any  Revenge, 

Thofe  of  the  Five  Nations  fmothsrM  their 
Anger,and  not  being  willing  to  truit  themfelvcs 
£ny  longer  with  the  Aiirond«ck$i  they  returned 
home  to  their  own  People,  who  then  lived 
mw Montreal  on  the  Banks  of  5*.LawrenceRiver, 
They  gave  an  account  of  this ■  Aflaffinatiop  to 
their  Nation,  who  upon  hearing  it  conceived 
avaft  Indignation  agajnft  the  44^rm^Mkih  who 
being  adviitd  of  the-fecret  movements  of  the 
fiveNaiions^  R.eiblv'4  to  oblige  them  to  fobmit 

to 


6  Biflory  of  the  five  Chap.  I 

to  their  Law,  by  torce  of  Arms.  The  Fivt 
Nations  apprehending  their  Power,  retired  to 
the  Southward  of  Cadarackm  Lake,  where 
they  now  live,  and  defended  themfelves  at 
firrt  but  faintly  agaitiftthe  Vigorous  Attacks 
of  the  Adirondack*.  But  afterwards  becoming 
more  expert,  and  more  ufed  to  War,  they  not 
only  made  a  brave  Defence,  but  likewife  made 
themfelves  Matters  of  the  great  Lakes,  and 
chafed  the  Shawanons  from  thence. 

While  the  two  Nations  were  at  War,  the 
trench  arrived  and  fettled  in  Canada,  and  the 
Five  Nations  having  forced  the  Adirondack  to 
leave  their  own  Country  and  retire  towards 
Quebeck,  the  French  thought  themfelves  obliged 
to  affift  their  New  Allies,  the  Adirondack 
without  examining  into  the  Reafons  of  the 
War. 

Thus  began  a  War  and  Hatred  between 
the  French  and  the  Five  Nations,  which  cofl:  the 
French  much  Blood,  and  more  than  once  had 
like  to  have  occafioned  the  entire  Deftru&ion 
of  their  Colony.  The  War  had  driven  the 
Adirondack/  to  Quebec,  and  the  defire  of  Trad- 
ing with  the  French,  had  drawn  likewife  all 
their  Allies  that  way,  who  agreed  with  them 
joyntly,  to  make  War  againft  the  Five  Nations^ 
and  to  attack  them  in  their  own  Country. 

Mr.  ChampUin  defirmg  to  give  his  Allies 
Proof  of  his.  Love,  and    the  Valour  of  the 

French 


Part  Vm  Indian  Nations'.  7 

Fmeh  Nation,  put  himlelf  at  the  Head  of  a 
Body  of  Adirondack?^  and  pafled  with  them  int6 
rJorlarsLake,v?h\ch  from  this  time  thcFrensh  have 
called  by  Mr.  Champlain's  name. 

They  had  not  long  been  in  the  Lake  before 
they  dileover'd  a  Body  of  the  Five  Nations 
going  to  War.  As  foon  as  they  faw  each 
3ther9  Shouts  and  Crys  began  on  both  Sides. 
Mr.  Champlain  made  his  men  keep  their  Canoes 
it  fome  diftance ;  The  FiveNations  in  the  mean 
time  landed,  and  began  to  intrench  themfelves, 
by  cutting  down  the  Trees  round  them ,  The 
Adirondack*  ft  opt  their  Canoes  near  the  Enemy, 
5c  fent  to  offer  them  Battel,who  anfwer5d?XW 
yhey  mtift  fiay  till  Morning,  when  both  fides  would 
have  the  Advantage  of  the  Day  Light  :  The  night 
pafled  in  Dancing  and  War  Songs,  -mixed 
with  a  thoufand  Reproaches  again  ft;  each  other. 
Mr  .Champlainhad  put  fomefra/^ineachCanoe, 
ind  order'd  them  not  to  ihow  themfelves,  that 
:heir  appearance  might  be  the  greater  furprize 
:o  the  Enemy,  in  the  time  of  the  Battel.  As 
foon  as  day  light  appeared,  the  Adirondack^ 
landed,  in  order  of  Battel, '&  the  FiveNations  to 
:he-  Number  of  200  Men  marched  out  of  the;r 
[ntrenchments,  and  put  theinfelves  in  order, 
with  three  Captains  in  the  Front^  having  Urge 
Plumes  of  Feathers  on  their  Heads,  and  then 
advanced  with  a  grave  Air  and  flow  Pace. 
!he  Adirondack^  gave  a  great  Shvout  and  open'd 

3:0 


EST 


S  Hijvory  of  the  five  Chap 

to  the  Right  and  Left,  to  gite  room  for  Mr. 
Champlain  'And  thoFrench  to  advance-*  This  new 
Sight  furprized  the  Enemy,  and  made  them 
bait,  to  cqnfider  it,  upon  which  the  French 
firing,  the  three  Captains  werekilPd:  This 
more  furpnz'd  the  Five  Nations  -7  for  they  knew 
that  their  Captains  bad  a  kind  of  Cuiratsmad© 
of  pieces  of  Wood  joia'd  together,  that  was 
Proof  againft  Arrows,  and  they  could  not 
perceive  hi  what  manner  the  Wound  was  given, 
by  w  Inch  they  fell  fo  fuddcnly*  Then  thcAdU 
rmdacks  gave  a  terrible  Shout,  and  attacked  the 
Enemy,  who  received  them  bravely,  but  & 
fceand Volley  foonu-hc  French,  put  them  into 
fiich  Gonfiifioii  (having  never  before  feen  fire  j 
Arms)  that  they  immediately  fled.  The-^-', 
iirondachi.  took  twelve  Prifoners$  and  as  the, 
Cuilom  of  the  Indians  %  burnt  one  of  them 
alive, with  great  Cruelty y  His  Torment  had 
continued  much  longer  than  it  did*  if  Mr-f 
OhdwpLimh<\d  notinCompaflion,  &C  abhorrence 
of  fuch  BarbanEy*  Shot  the  poorWreth  thro* 
the  Head. 

The  Adirondack  having  their  Numbers  thus 
very  much  encreafed,  and  their  fire  Arms 
giving  them  new  Confidence*  propofed  no-* 
ti>ing  Ids  to  th'enafelvcs,  than  the  entire  Dc- 
ftrufction  of  the  Five  Nations,  by  open  Force  jl 
And  upon  this  their  Young  Warriors  became- 
Fierce  and  Infclent,  and  could  not  be  kept*; 

undctf  ■ 


i?art  I.  Indian  Nations.  § 

under  arty  Difcipline,  Order  or  Siibje&ion  to 
their  Chiefs  or  Captains,  but  upon  all  Occa* 
fions  rafhly  attacked  the  Enemy,  wfcp  were 
obliged  to  keepthemfelves  upon  the  Defend  ve* 
and  to  make  up  what  they  wanted  in  Force* 
by  Stratagems,  and  a  skillful  management  of 
the  War.  The  Young  Men  of  the  Five  Nations 
foon  perceived  the  Advantages  they  gained  by 
this  Conducb,  and  every  day  grew  more  fub- 
miffive  to  their  Captains*  and  diligent  in  ex- 
ecuting any  Enterprise,  while  the  Adirondack* 
confiding  in  their  Numbers  and  their  fire 
Arms,  thought  of  nothing  but  of  Conquering 
by  meer  Force;  , 

The  five  Nations  fetit  out  fmall  Parties  only-; 
who  meeting  with  great  Numbers  of  the  Adi~ 
fondacks,  retired  before  them,  with  Teeming 
Fear  and  Terror,  while  the  Adirondack*  pur- 
fued  them  with  Fury,  and  without  thought, 
till  they  were  cunningly  drawn  into  Ambuf- 
cades,  where  moft  of  their  men  were  kilPd* 
or  taken  PrifqnerSj  with  little  or  no  lofs  to  the 
Five  Nations. 

By  thefe  means  and  their  being  frequently 
furprized  by  the  Five  Nations,  while  they  rm 
main'd  confident  in  their  Number,  the  AdU 
tondxeks  wafted  away,  and  their  boldeft  Soldiers 
Were  almoft  entirely  defttoyed,  while  the 
Number  of  the  Five  Nations  rather  encreafed 


1 
I 


f 


NT T 


SS 


5^5= 


to  -Mfi&ry  of  the  fivt  Chap.  L 

by  the  Addition  of  the  Prifcners  which  they 
took  from  the  Shawano'm. 

It  has  been  a  conitant  Maxim  with  the  Five 
Ntttidn's,  to  fave  the  Children  and  Young  Men 
of  the  People  they  Cohqiier,to  adopt  them  into 
their  own  Nation,  and  to* educate  them  as  their 
own  Children,  without  Diftm&ion^    Thefe 
young  People  foon  forget  their  own  Country 
and  Nation,;  and  by  tins  Policy  .-the  Five  N*- 
timis  make  up  the  Lofies  which  their  Nation 
fuffers  by  thePeople  they  -look  m  War.     The 
wifeft    and  beft  Soldiers  of  the  Jidirondrnks^ 
when   it  was  too  late,   difcovered  that  they 
snuft   imitate  and  learn  the  Art  of  War  from 
thofe  Eneriiies,    that   they  at  firft  -Defpifed. 
Now  five  of  their  chief  Captains  endeavour 
to  perform  by  themfelves  -fingly,    with  Art 
and  by  Stratagem,what:they  could  not  perfcyriB- 
by  Force  at  the  Head  of  their  Armies  ;    but 
they  having  no    long:r  any  hopes  of  Con- 
quering their  Enemies,   their  thoughts  ^rere 
only  let  on  Revenge. 

The  Five  Nations  had  taken  one  cf  the  chief 
Captains  of  the  Adir?nd\cl^  and  had  burnt 
him  alive.  This  gav€  Pis%arM9  who  Was  the- 
chief  Captain  of  the  Adirondack*  fo  deep  a  Rc- 
icntmeiit,  that  the  Difficulty  or  Danger  of 
the  moll  defperate  Attempt  made  no  Impre£- 
fion  upon  his  Spirit,  where  he  had  the  hope 
of  Revenge, 


Pait  I»  Indian  Natwns.  *f 

I  fliajLlmye  the  Particulars  of  this  from  the 
French  Accounts  j  for  by  it  the  nature  of  the 
Indian^  and  the  manner  of  their  making  War* 
may  be  more  eafily  under ft ood. 

Fiskar  r,  with  tour  other  Captains,  fetouc 
from  Trots  Rivieres  in  one  Canoe,  each  being 
provided   with  three  Fuzees.     In  two  Pays 
they  reached  Sorel  River*  where  they  pcrceiv'd 
five  Canoes  of  the  Five  Nations  with  ten  Men 
in  each.     At  firft  thofe  of  the  five  Nations  be- 
lieved that  this  Canoe  was  the  van  of  fomc 
confiderabie  Party,   and  therefore  went  from 
It  with  all  the  force  of  their  Paddles,     When 
they  faw  that  after  a  confiderabie  time,   no 
others  followed,  they  returned,  and  as  fcon  as 
they  came  within  call,  they  raifed  their  War- 
Shout  ,    which   they  call  Safari? ,     and  bid 
Piskaret    and    bis    Fellows    Surrender.      He 
anfwered,    That  he  was  their  Prifbner,    and 
that  he  could  no  longer  furvive  the  Captain 
they  had  burnt;   but  that  he  might  not  be 
accused    of  furrendring  jCowardly,    he  bid 
them  advance  to  the  middle  of  the  River, 
which  they  did,  with  ftirprizing  Swiftnefs. 
,  Pisk^rt  had  before  hand  loaded 'all  his  AVms 
with  two  Bullets  each,  which  he  joy n5d  toge- 
ther with  a  fmall  Wire  ten  Inches  in  length, 
with  defign  to  tear  the  Canoes  in  pieces  (which 
it  could  not  fail  to  do,they  being  made  only  of 
'    Rirchjkrk)  and  gave  his  Companions  Di.re- 
%  %  Ctlpil, 


m 


;  ■; 


ii  Uifiory -ef  the  Jhe':  Chap.  I. 

£tion,  each  to  chufe  a  Canoe,  and  level  his 
fhot  between  Wind  and  Water 

As  t^he  Canoes  approached,  he  made  as  if 
he  had  defign'd  to  eicape  j  and  to  prevent  him, 
thofe  of  the  Five  Nations  feperated  from  each 
other  with  too  much  Precipitation,  and  Sur- 
rounded him.  The  Adirondack*,  the  better  to 
amufe  the  Enemy,  fung  their  Death  Song, 
as  ready  to  furrender  themfeives,  when  every 
one  fuddenly  took  his  Piece  and  fired  upon  the 
Canoes,  which  they  Reiterated  three  times, 
with  the  Arms  that  lay  ready.  Thoie  of  the 
Five  Nations  were  cxtrczmly  iurprizM  ;  for  Fire 
Arms  were  fti  11  terrible  to  them,  and  they  tum- 
bled out  pf  their  Canoes,  which  immediately 
funk*  The  Adirondack*  knock't  them  all  on  the 
head  in  theWater,exceptfome  of  the  chiefs  that 
they  madePriibners,  whoas  Fate  was  as  cruel  as 
that  of  the  Adirondkck  Captain,  who  had  been 
burnt  aliye. 

Piskaret  was  fo  far  from  having  hisRevenge 
glutted  with  this  Slaughter,  and  the  cruel 
rormciits  with  which  he  made  his  Prifoncr-s 
dye,  that  it  feem'd  rather  to  give  a  keener  edge 
to  it ;  for  lie  fdon  after  attempted  another  enter- 
■  prize5in  which  the  boldeit  ofhisCountry-mca 
durft  not  accompany  him. 

As  he  W4S  well  acquainted  with  theCountry 
cf  •  the  Five  Nations,  lie  let  out  aloile  about  the 
tii-arc  that  tl 


-.Snow  began  to  niel 


:,  with<tfce 
precaution 


sss 


i    i 


Part  i; 


Indian  Nations. 


is 


precaution  of  putting  the  hinder  part  oi  his 
Snow  Shoes  forward;  that  if  any  fhould  hap- 
pen upon  his  foot-tteps,  they  might  think  that 
he  was  gone  the  contrary  way  ;  and  for  fur- 
ther fecurity  went  along  a  Ridge,  where  the 
Snow  was  melted,  and  where  his  foot^fteps 
could  not  be  difcovered,  hut  in  a  few  places. 
When  he  found  himfelf  near  one  of  the  ViU 
l^cs  of  the  Five  Nations  he  hid  himfelf  in  a 
hollow  Tree;  In  the  Nigbfhc  found  out  a 
Place  nearer  at  hand,  and  more  proper  tore- 
tire  into,  for  the  execution  of  any  Enterprise. 
H?  found  four  Piles  of  Wood  ftanding  clofc 
togethcr,which  thclndians  had  provided  againft 
the  Winter  and  their  bufie  times,  in  the  middle 
of  which  was  a  hollow  place,  in  which  he 
thought  he  could  fafely  hide.  The  whole 
VittegJ  was  faft  afleepwhen  he  enter'daCabbin, 
kilPa  four  Perfons  and  took  off  their  Scalps, 
being  all  that  were  in  theHoufe,  and  then  re* 
jarnM  quietly  into  his  Hole.  In  the  Morning 
the  whole  Village  was  in  an  Alarm,  as  foon-as 
the  Murder  was  difcovered,  and  the  young 
Men  made  all  poffible  hafte  to  follow  the  Mur* 
dercr.  Theydifcover5djP/>%r^fJi  foot-fteps,which 
appeared  to  them  to  be  the  foot-fteps  of  fome 
Pcrfon  that  fled  \  this  encouraged  them  in  their 
Purfuit :  Sometimes  they  loiY  the  Tr^ffc,  a^d 
fbmetimes  found  it  again,  till  at  laft  they  en- 
tirely loft  it,  where  the  Snow  was  racked,  and 

thjy 


I 


they  were  forced  to  return,  after  much  ufelefs 
fatigue.  Fkharet  quiet  in.  the  midft  of  his  Ene- 
mies waited  with  impatience,  for  the  Night. 
As  foon  as  he  few  that  it  was  time  to  ad  -{viz.. 
intbefirft  part  of  the  night,  when  the  Indians 
are  obferved  toileep  very  faft)  heenterM  into 
another  Cabbin,  where  he  kilPd  every  Perfon 
in  it,  &  immediately  retired  into  hisWood-pile. 
In  the  morning  there  was  a  greater  Outcry  than 
before,  nothing  was  ieen  but  Wailing,  Tears, 
and  a  general  Confternation.  Every  one  runs 
in  queftof  the  Murderer,  but  no  Trad  to  be 
feen  befides  the  Trad  which  they  faw  the  day 
before.  They  fcarch'd  the  Woods,  Swamps 
and  Clifts  of  the  Rocks,  but  no  Murderer  to 
be  found.  They  began  to  fufped  Piskam, 
who's  Boldnefs  and  Cunning  was  too  well 
known  to  them.  They  agreed  that  two  men 
pext  night  fhould  watch  in  every  Cabbin,  All 
day  long  he  was  contriving  feme  new  Stratagem, 
he  bundles  up  his  Scalps,  and  in  the  night  he 
flips  out  of  h:s  lurking  place,  He  approaches 
one  of  the  Cabbins  as  quietly  as  poffible  and 
peeps  thro5  a  hole  to  iee  what  could  be  done, 
there  he  perceived  Guards  on  the  Watch,  he 
went  to  another9wherc  he  found  the  fame  care. 
When  he  difcover'd  that  they  were  everywhere 
upon  their  Guard  he  refolved-to  ftrike  his  hik 
blow,  and  opened  a  Door,  where  he  found  a 
Ccntinel  nodding  with  his- Pipe  in  his  mouth, 


Part  I.  Indian  Nat  ions.  15* 

Piskam  fplk  his  Scull  with  his  Hatchet,  but 
had  not  time  to  take  his  Scalp,  for  another  man 
who  watched  at  the  other  end  of  theCabhin, 
railed  the  cry,  and  Pifkaret  fled.     The  whole 
Village  immediately  was  in  an  Uproar,  while 
he  got  oft  as  fait  as  he  could  -y    Many  purfued 
him,  but  as  he  was  fo  iwift  as  to  run  down  the 
Wild  Cows  and  the  Deer,  the  purfuit  gave  him 
no  great  uneafmefs  ;  When  he  perceived  they 
came  near  him,  he  would  Halloe  to  them,  to 
quicken  their  pace,then  Ipring  from  them  like 
a  Buck.  When  he  gainM  any  diftance  he  W011I4 
loiter  till  theycaroe  near,  then  halloe,  and  fly. 
Thus  he  continued  all  day,  with  deflgn  to  tire 
them  out,  with  the  hopes  of  ever-taking  him. 
As  they  purfued  only  a  fingle  Man,  five  or 
fix  only  of  the  Nimbleft  young  Men  con- 
tinued the  Chace,  till  being  tired  they  were 
forced  to  reft  in  the  Night,  which  when  Pifi 
■£*m  obfrrved,  he  hid  himfelf  near' them  in -a 
hollow  Tree,     They  had  not  time  to  take  Vic- 
tuals with  them,  and. being  wearied  &  hungry* 
and  not  apprehending  any  Attack  from  a  fingle 
Perfbn  that  fledLthey  all  loon,  fell  afieep.    iftjj£ 
^wobferv'd  them,  fell  upon  them,  killMthem 
all,  -and -carried-awav ■their  {b)  -Scalps. 

Thefe 


(b)   Thefe  are  the  "Trophies  of  Viclory  which  all   the 
Indian  Nations  carry  home  widi  them,   if  they  have  time 

to 


ssss 


sas 


S5 


x6  tiiftory  of  the  five  Chap;  I. 

Thefe  Stories  may  fcetri  incredible  to  rriaiiy. 
But  will  not  appear  to  be  Improbable  to  thdfe 
who  know  how  extreamly  Revengeful  the 
Indians  naturally  are.  That  they  every  day  un- 
dertake the  greateft  Fatigues*  the  longeft  Jour* 
r*eys5and  the  greateft  Dangers^  to  gratifie  that 
Devouring  Paffion,#  Which  feems  to  gnaw  their 
Souls,  and  gives  them  no  eafe  till  it  is  fatisfied. 
All  Barbarous  Nations  have  been  obferved  id 
be  Revengful  and  Cruel*  the  certain  Confer 
quences  of  an  unbounded  Revenge,  as  the 
Curbing  of  theie  Paffions  is  the  happy  Effe&: 
of  being  Civilized*  . 

The  Fivt  Nations  are  fd  much  delighted^  with 
Stratagems  inWar,  that  no  Superiority  of  their 
Fprce  makes  them  tiegleft  them.  They  amu^ 
fed  therefore  the  Adirmdacks  and  their  Allies, 
the  -QuatoghitSi  (called  by  the  Fumh,  Httrons) 
by  lending  to  the  French,  and  defiring  Peace. 
The  French  defifed  them  to  receive  fome 
Priefts  among  them*  in  hopes  that  thelc 
prudent  Fathers  would  by  fome  Art  rccon* 
cilethemto  thefremh,  and  engage  their  A£ 
:fcdions*  The  Five  Nations  accepted  the  Offer* 
tod  fome  Jefuits  went  along  with  them.    But 

'  after 


«£ea  the  Scalp  from  the  Skull  of  their  Enemies,  when 
trey  have  killed  them;  and  fometimes  they  are  fo  Cruel  as 
to  'lea  tjfc  Scalp  off,  without  killing  them,  or  otherwite 
w6uncling  them",  but  leave  them  m  this  miferable  Condition 

wick  their  Skull  bare. 


£ 


— 


I 


Part  I.-  Indian  Nations.  jy 

after  they  had  the  Jefuits  in  their  Power,  they 
uted  them  only  as  Hoftages,  and  by  that  means 
obliged  the  French  to  be  Neuter,  while  they 
prepared  to  Attack  the  Adirondack j  and  Qua- 
toghies,  and  accordingly  entirely  'deftroyM 
the  Qwaioghics.  in  a  Battel  fought  within  two 
Leagues  of  Quebeck^  while  the  French  'durft-' 
not  give  their  Allies  any  affiltance. 

Indeed  the  French  Author  fays,  That  if  tha 
Five  Nations,  had  known  the  weaknefs  of  the 
french  at  that  time,  they  might  cafily  have  de- 
ftroyedi  that  Colony. 

The  Defeat  of  thcQtsatoghies  (truck  Terror 
into  all  the  Allies  of  the  Adirondack! ,  who 
were  at  that  time  very  Numerous,  becauie  of 
the  benefit  of  the  French  Trade,  which  they 
had  by  their  means ,  for  before  that  time  the 
Indians  had  not  any  Iron  Tool  among  them. 

The  Nipeceriniens ,  who  then  lived  on  the 
Banks  of  St.  Laurence  River,  fled  to  the  North- 
ward, in  hopes  that  the  extream  Cdldncfs  of 
the  Climate,  and  a  barren  Soil,  would  free 
them  from  the  fear  they  had  of  the  FPve^ Na- 
tions. The  remainder  of  the  Quatoghies  &cd 
with  the  .Viawawas  towards  the  South  weft- 
ward,  and  for  their  greater  Security  fettled 
in  an  Ifland,  which  the  French  (till  call  by 
their  Name,  which  being  further  than  the? 
Name  of  the  Five  Nations  had  at  that  time 
C  reached  % 


if  Mijtory  of  the  five  Chap.  £ 

reached,  they  thought  themfelves  fecure  by 
the  Diftance  of  the  Place. 

This  Expedition  having  fucceeded  fo  wells 
the  Five  Nations-  gave  out,  that  they  intended* 
next  Winter  to  vtfit  Tonnondio  (the  name  they 
give  to  the  Governor  of  Canada.)  Thefe 
tifits  aire  always  made  with  much  Show. 
They  gathered  together  kooo  or  1200  Men, 
and  pafling  over  Corlaers  Lake,  they  fell  in 
with  Nicolet  River,  where  it  falls  into  the1 
South  fide  of  Lake  St.  Pierre  in  St.  Laurence 
Miver9  eight  Leagues  above  Trots  Rivitres ;  Six 
Scouts  marched  three  Leagues  before  the1  - 
Army,  who  met  with  Fisfyret,  as  he  return'd 
jfrom  Hunting,  loaded  with  the  Toilgues  of 
wild  Cows.  As  they  came  near  him,  they 
fang  their  Song  of  Peace,  and  Pisk*rei ■  tak-; 
ing  them  for  Ambafiadors,  ftopt,  and  Tung 
Ms«  It  is  probable  that  he  having  glutted 
his  private  Revenge,  and  his  Nation  having 
been  long  haraflfed  with  a  Cruel  War,  he 
too  greedily  fwallowM  the  Bait :  Bcatce  be- 
ing what  he  and  all  his  Nation  earoeftly 
defirM.  He  invited  them  therefore  to  go\ 
along  with  him  to  his  Village,  which  was 
but  two  or  three  Leagues  further :  and  as 
|ie  went,  he  told  them,  that  the  Adirondack*' 
were  divided  into,  two  Bodies,  one  of  which. 
liiliued   on.   the   Nona,  fide   of  St.  Laurence 

Liver 


sss 


ss 


Part  1\  Iridikn  Nations]  9jf 

River  at  Wabmache,  three  Leagues  above  TmV 
Rivieres ,  and  the  other  at  Nicokt.  One  of 
the  Scouts  had  on  purpofe  ftaid  behind,  this 
Man  folfowed  Pisk&ret,  and  coming  up  be- 
hind him,  knockt  him  on  the  Head  with 
His  Hatchet.  Then  they  all  returned  to  their 
Army  with  Piskarefi  Head.  The  Five  Na«> 
tions  immediately  divided  likewifc  into  two 
Bodies,  they  lurprized  the  Adirondack*)  and 
cut  them  in  pieces. 

Thus  the  molt  War-like  and  Polite  Nation 
of  all  the  Indians  in  Northrjhnerica  was  almoffc 
entirely  DeftrbyM  by  a  People  they  at  firlt 
defpifed,  and  by  a  War  which  their  Pride  and 
Injuftice  brought  up6n  tliera.  Immorality  has 
ever  ruin'd  the  Nations  where  it  abounded^" 
whether  they  were  Civilized  or  Barbarians, 
as  Juftice  and  ftrid  Difcipline  has  made  6* 
titers  Flourifli  and  grow  Powerful, 

A  very  few  Adirondack*  now  .remain  in 
fome  Villages  .near  ffjehc^  who  ftill  waft- 
away  and  "decay,  by  their  drinking  Strong 
Waters, .  tho'  when"  the  French  firlt  fettled 
^mbech3  1500  Men  of  them  lived  between 
that  and  Silkri7  which  are  only  a  Leael 
diftant,  bdldes  thole  .that 
Trots  Rivterisi  and  fonie 


ved  at  Sag&'ep  <■; , 

-  places,  "  Afar 
this  Battle  the    Adirondack^  have  never. been 


Peace  or  War, 


of  any  canieqiiericej  either  in 


C  t, 


The 


ss 


2D  Hi£o?y  of  the  five  Chap.  L 

•   The } Quatoghies  and  Vtawawas  fodn  began 
to  be  in- wane  of  the  European  Commodities, 
and  their  defire  to  make  themfelves  confide* 
nible    among,  their    new  Friends,    fet  them 
upon  attempting  to  return   to  trade  at  JQhc- 
beckj,  by  which-  means  the  place  of  their  re- 
treat was  difebver'd  to  the  Five  Nations,  who" 
not  having   their  Revenge  foliated,  fo  long 
as  any  of  that  Nation  remain'd,  rcfolved  at 
all  hazards  to  march  through  thefe  vaft  un- 
known Deler.ts,  to  fatisfy  their  cruel  Paffion. 
r^he    Quatoghies    had    the  good   Fortune  to 
dif  cover  them    time   enough  to  make   their 
Efcape,    and   fled   to  the    Puttwattmies^  who 
liv9d    a  days  Journey    further,   where  they 
and   all.  the   Neighbouring    Nations  fecur'd 
ihrmfelves  in  a  large  Fort.     The  Five  Nations 
followed,  but  being  in  want  of  Provifions, 
they  could   not  attempt  a  Siege,  and   there- 
fore propos?d  a  Treaty  to  the    Putewatemies, 
which  was  accepted.     The  Putcwatemies   a- 
greed  to  a  League  of 'Friendihip,  in  which  * 
1  hey-  acknowledged  the  Five  -Nation's  to  be  the 
Mailer  of  all  the  Nations  round  them,    ap-  ' 
plauded   their  Valour,  and  pronaifed  to  fop- 
ply  them   with  Provifions,  but    would   not 
truft    themjelvcs    out   of  their    Fort.     The 
Ptyctyat emits  accordingly  lent  them  out  a  fup- 
p'y  of  Provifions,  but  with  defign  to  effect", 
by  Treachery,  what  they  durft  not  attcmnt : 

by 


Part  I.'  Indian  Nttians]  2f ' 

by  Force;  for  they  Poifon'd  all  the  Proyi- 
fions.  This  was  difcover'd  to  them  by  an 
old  Quatoghie,  who  had  a  Son  Prifoner  a- 
mong  the  Five  Nations .  His  affe&ion  for  his 
Son  overcame  his  hatred  to  his  Country's 
Enemies.  This  Treachery  enraged  the  Five 
Nations  againft  the  Putewatemies ,  and  the 
Neighbouring  Nations,  but  Famine  obliged 
them  to  return  at  this  time,  and  to  feperatc 
their  Army  into  Parties,  the  better  to  pro-" 
vide  for  their  Subfiftence  by  Hunting,  Que 
rf  thefe  Parties  fell  in  with  a  Village  of  the 
%khtaghicks  (caiPd  by  the  French,  Ilmois)  and 
lirpriz'd  the  old  Men,  Women  and  Chil- 
iren,  when  the  young  Men  were  abroad 
hunting,  but  they  upon  their  return  jga- 
her'd  all  the  reft  of  the  Villages,  purfucd 
he  party  of  the  Five  NagenJ,  and  recovered 
he  Pnloners. 

This  was  the  firft  time  that  the  Five  Nations 
lad  appeared  in  thofe  Parts,  but' their  .Name 
ras  become  fo  Terrible,  that  the  Chicktaghicks 
jotwithftanding  of  this  Advantage,  left  their 
Country,  and  fled  to  the  Nations  that  lived 
leftward,  till  the  general  Peace  was  fettled 
iy  the  French,  and  then  they  returned  to 
heir    own  Country. 


1 


m 


CHAP. 


'%% 


Uiftory  of  the  five 


Chap,  m 


CHAP.  II. 

Their  Wars  and  Treaties  of  Peace  with  the  French, 
from  1665,  to  1683.  and  their  Affairs  with 
New-York  in  that  Time. 

IN  fune,  1665,  Monf.de  trafi  being  Ap- 
pointed Vice-Roy  of  America^  arrived  at 
i£uebeck9  after  he  had  vifited  all  thclflands  in 
the  Weft-Indies^  and  brought  with  him  four 
Companies  of  Foot.  In  September  of  the  fame 
year  Mr.  Courfd  arrived  with  the  Commiffioii 
of  Governor  General  of  Canada  9  with  eleven 
Veflels,  which  tranfported  a  Regiment,  and 
feveral  Families,  with  all  things  neceffary  for 
the  eftablifhingoiTa  Colony.  The  French  Force 
Being  thus  fo  confiderably  augmented,  he  re- 
folved  in  the  Winter  to  fend  out  a  Party 
againft  the  Mohawk**  which  by  the  Cold, 
and  their  not  knowing  the  ufe  of  Snow-Shoes, 
fuffered  very  much',  without  doing  anything 
againft  the  Enemy. 

This  Party  fell  in  with  Schnepadj,  a.fmall 
Town  which  Corlaer  (a  contiderable  Man 
among  the  Dutch )  had  then  newly  fettled. 
When  they  append  nea-r  Schent&ady  they 
were  almoft  kili'd 
and  the  Indians^  wh< 


with  Cold  and  Hunger, 
then  were  id  that  Village, 


had 


ssss 


Part  Io  Indian  Nations.  23 

bad  entirely  finished  their  Ruin,  if  Corlaer, 
In  Companion  of  fellow  Chriftians)  had  not 
:ontriv?d  their  efcape.  He  had  a  mighty  In- 
fluence over  the  Indians,  and  it  is  from  him 
ftatall  the  Governors  of  New-York  are  call'd 
^orlaer  by  the  Indians  to  this  Day,  tho5  he 
himfelf  never  was  Governor.  Heperfwaded 
the  Indians  that  this  was  but  a  final!  Party  of 
tiht  French  Army,  come  to  amufe  them,  that 
the  great  Body  was  gonediredly  towards  their 
Gaffles,  and  that  it  was  neceilary  for  them 
immediately  to  go  in  Defence  of '  their  Wives 
atnd  Children:  which  they  did.  Asfoonas 
the  Indians  were  gone,  he  fent  to  the  French^ 
and  fupply'd  them  with  Provifions  to  carry 
them  back.  The  French  Governor,  in  order 
^O- Reward  fo  fignal  a  Service,  invited  Corker 
io  Canada^  andy-  no  doubt,  with  defign  to 
make  ufe  of  his  Intereft  with  the  Indians  in 
fomp  Project,  in  favour  of  the  French  Colony  j 
but . as  he  went  through  the  Lake  (by  the% 
French  cAVd  Chamf-km)  his  Canoe  was  Over- 
fet,  and  he  drowned.  From  this  Accident  that 
Lake  has  ever  fince  been  calPd  Corkers  Lak*. 
by  the  People  of  New-York^ 

There  is  a  Rock  in  this  Lake,  on  which, 
the  Waves  dafh  and  fly  up  to  a  very  great' 
Height,  when  the  Wind  blows  ftrong ;  the' 
Indians  fa-acy^  that  an  Old  Indian  lives  under 
l;hisRock2  who  has  the  Power  of  the  Winds, 

and 


Hi 


ESS 


24  Hiftmy-  of  the  five  Chap,  IH 

and  therefore  as  they  pafs  this  Rock  in  their 
Voyages  through  this  Lake,  they  always 
throw;  a  Pipe  or  fome  Tobacco,  or  fomething  elfe 
to  this  Old  Indian  ,  and  pray  a  favourable 
Wind.  The  Englifr  that  often  pafs  with  them, 
fometimes  laugh  at  them  ;  but  they  are  fure 
to  be  told  of  CorUers  Death  with  a  grave  air. 
Tour  great  Country-man  Corlaer  (fay  they)  as 
he  pajfedhy  this  Roc^,  jefted  at  our  Fathers  m  king 
Prefents  to  this  Oldlr dim,  and  in  derifion  turned 
up  his  Back-Jide  towards  the  Rocki  but  this  Jffront 
cojt  him  his  Life. 

But  the  next  Spring  the* Vice-Roy  and  the 
Governor,  with  z8  Companies  of  Foot,  and 
dl .  the  Inhabitants  of  the  Colony,  marched 
into  the  Country  of  the  Aiohawh^,  With  a  del 
fign  to  deftroy  this  Nation,  which  by  the  War 
not  only  prevented  their  Commerce  with  other 
Indian?,  but  even  prevented  the  Settlement  of 
the  Colony.  This  certainly  was  a  bold  At- 
tempt, to  march  thus  above  ajo  Leagues 
from  Quebec}^  through  unknown  Forfeits; 
but  all  they  were  able  to  do,  was  to  burn  fome 
of  their  Villages,  and  to  Murder  fome  Old. 
Mm,  that  (like  the  Old  Roman  Senators)  would 
ratlier_dye  than  defert  their  Hoiiies. 
_  This  Expedition,  however,  gave  the  Five. 
Nations  Apprehenfions  they  had  not  before; 
fortify  ncv-r  before-that  (aw  fo  great  a  Nam-  • 
ber  of  JE&ropeazSi    whole  Fire-Arms  were  ex- 

treamly. 


saa 


Part  L  Indian  Nations, '  %f 

treanily  Terrible,  and  they  therefore  thought: 
proper  to  fend  and  beg  a.  Peace,  which  was 
concluded  in  1667, 

But  they  being  naturally  very  .Enter* 
prizing  and  Haughty,  a  Party  of  the  Fiv& 
Nations  met  with  a  Patty  of  the  French  a  hunt- 
itig,  and  quarrelled  with  them.  The  French 
Author  does  not  inform  us  of  the  particu- 
lars :  But  it  ieems  the  Indians  had  the  Ad- 
vantage, for  they  kiJPd  feveral  of  the  French 
and  carried  one  Prilbner  into  their  own 
Country.  Monl.  IDs  Cokrfd  fent  to- Threaten 
the  Five  Nations  with  War,  if  they  did  not 
deliver  up  theie  Murderers.  ..;. 

The  Five  Nations  being  at  this  tiiric  appre- 
henfivc  of  the  French  Power,  fent  Jgariata^  the 
Captain  of  the  Company,  that  did.  the  Milchief, 
with  forty  fet-Herjfj  to  beg  Peace- .  but  Ml 
?oxrferwas  reihlvcd-to  make  aii  Ezalnple  of 
UgMri^dl  He  therefore  ordered  ■•him  to  be 
hLmg?d3  in  the  Prefence  .of  his. Country-men, 
>vhich  Kind  of  -Death'  they;  having  never  km 
>eiore?it  ftritck-ih.em .with  Terror3&  thcFrench^ 
hink  that  this  Seventy  was  a  great  means  of 
■>referying  the  Peace  till  the  year  1683. 

The  Dutch  having; fettled  Newark  m  i6c§i 
which  they  call'd  the  Ncw-NctherUnds)  they 
:nterd  into  an  Alliance  with  the  Five  Nations^ 
vhich  continued  without  any  Breach  pit 
ither  fide,  and  were  frequent]}'  ufeful  to  im 
W  Frgncbi 


igl 


= 


.  ^  ^_.  . 


2.6  Hiftory  of  the  ffie  Chapi  It. 

French,  m  faving  the  French  that  were  Frifoners 
from  the  Cruelty  of  the  Indians,  as  before  ob- 
fcrved. 

In  1 664.  AW~2V^  was  taken  by  the  English, 
who  Immediately  entred  into  an  Alliance  and 
Friendship  with  the  Five  Nations,  which  has. 
continued  without  the  leaft  Breach  to  this  Day.. 
Hiftory,  I  am  afraid,  cannot  inform  us  of  an 
Inftance  of  the  Mo(t  ChnjUan  or  Moft  Catholic!^ 
King  Obfcrving  a  League  fo  ftri&ly,  and  for  fo 
long  a  time  as  thefe  Barbarians  have  done. 

Both  the  English  and  French  (Peace  being 
every  where  fettled)  endeavour  co  extend  their 
Commerce  and  Alliances  among  the  Indians 
which  lie  to  the  Weftward  of  New-Yorl^  The 
French  in  their  Meafures  difcover'd  a  Defign 
of  Conquering  and  Commanding  j  for -Mr. 
de  Frontena-c,  who  had  iucceeded  in  the  Go- 
vernment of  Canada  in  the  Year  1672,  per- 
iwaded  the  Indians  to  allow  him.to  build  a 
Fort  at  Cadarackui,  under  the  Notion  of  a 
Score  for  Merchandize  and  fecunty  for  his 
Traders,  and  under  the  fame  pretence  buile 
fmall  Forts  at  fome  other  eonfiderable  Pafles 
far  in  the  Country. 

Tiie  Englijh  and  Dutch'  Profecuted  their 
Ivkaiuies  .  only  with  the  Arts  of  Peace,  by 
lending  People  among  the  IndUns  to  gam  their 
Affections,  and  to  perlwade  them  to  come  to 
Albany    to   Trade ;     but    cv'li   thefe    lioncit- 

Dcfigns.. 


JJ.L.I,.,U. 


■  J1U...I 


*art  I.  Indian  Nations.  %j 

)efigns  met  with  Obftru&ion,  and  had  noc 
3  considerable  Succefs,  by  realbn  of  the  War 
f ith  the  Dutch,  as  otherwife  they  might  have 
ad;  for  in  the  Year  1674.  A^-W^  being 
urprizM  by  the  Dutch,  and  Reftor'd,  the 
iterations  in  Government  and  of  'Matters, 
bftructed  very  much  the  defigns  of  gain- 
ig  the  Indians.  Their  Trade  was  likewife 
:>nfiderably  hindred  by  the  War,  which 
ie  Five  Nations  had  with  the  (c)  Fiver  In* 
ans,  which  forced  many  of  the  River  In- 
ans  to  feek  Shelter  among  the  Vtawawas, 
ho  fell  under  the  French  Government. 

At  laft  the  Enghjh,  Dutch  and  French  ha- 
ng made  Peace  in  Europe,  and  the  Gover- 
>r  of  New-Tork^  likewife  having  obtained  a 
:ace  between  the  Five  Nations  and  Mahikgn- 
rs  or  River  Indians,  the  Englijh  and  French 
ere  at  full  liberty  to  proiecute  their  de~ 
5ns  of  extending  their  Commerce  among 
e  Indians,  which  both  did  with  very  con- 
lerable  fuccefs  and  advantage  to  the  In* 
bitants  of  their  Colonies. 
But  this  Juftice  mutt  be  done  to  the  French, 
at  they  far  exceeded  the  Englijh  in  the  da- 
ig  attempts   of  iome  of  their  Inhabitants, 

travelling  very  far  among  unknown  In-. 
D  X  dians, 


c)  The  Indians  living  on  the  Banks  of  Hudfcns  River, 
hin  or  aear  the  English  Settlements, 


U. 


ss 


ssssss 


3$  tjiftorf  oj :  the  five  Chaf.  II. 

4/^,  discovering  new  Countries^  and  every 
where  fpreading  the  Fame  of  the  French 
Name  aild  Grandeur,  by  making  themfelves' 
the  Arbitrators  in  all  difference  between  the 
Indim  Nations,  The  Sieur  Perot  defer  yes  to 
be  remembered,  who  pufhed  his  Difcoveries 
as  far  $s  the  Fntcwaurnks  and  Indians  living 
round  the  Farther  Lakes,  with  the  greatelt 
Fatigues  and  Danger.  Fie  acquired  the  Lan- 
guages of  many  Nations,  and  brought  them 
t<3  Canada  to  Trade,  before  the  Peace  was 
made  with  tHe  Five  Nations.  In  the  Year  1667 
lie  accomparied  the  Officer  that  was  fent  to 
the  Fall  of  SfrMxr/f  to  take  Pofleffion  of, 
all  that 'Country, ':  in.  the  tiame  of  the  French/ 
King,  in  the  prciencc  of  many  of  the  Sachems 
of  the  Nations  that  liv':d  round  the  Lakes  J 
where  there  was  an  Alliance  agree5d  to  with' 
the  French,  hut  (ev3n '  by  the  French  Books) 
lio  Subjection  was  Promifed. 
■"In  the  Tear  1697.  Mr.  Be  la  Sale  built  a 
Sloop  or  Bark  of  fixty  Tons  onOhfis/ego  Lakex 
and  provided  her  with  great  Guns.. '  Me  car*, 
ried  this  Veiiel  as  far  as  ASffilimacktnae!^  and. 
there  loaded  'her  with  F.urrs  and  Skins,  and 
then  went  en  the  Difcoyery  of  the,  Mtfijppi^ 
He  only  'left  five  or  fix  Frepch'  on  board  to 
carrv  her  back  to  Oniagam  :  But  the  Indians 
entertained  inch  a  Jeaiouiy  of  this  floating.. 
Cattle,  that  they  relolvM  leered  y  'to  deftroy 
-  ■■**  —  .....  .  .,       lt 


iSSSS 


SS& 


g33M«I3»tWWPfgqCTg^J,,lLi..,J.,JIL...l.....J.. 

J^St  ,|o  Indian  Nation.  %9, 

k  tho>  they  exprcft  nothing  to  Mr,  V*  k 
Sale,  but  Admiration  of  the  extraordinary 
Machine,  and  fent  for  all  the  Nations  round 
to  come  to  fee  it.  When  they  were  to* 
gether  they  confulted  how  to  furpnze  and 
deftroy  it;  and  this  defign  they  kept  fo  fc- 
crct,  not  only  before  the  Execution,  that 
Mr!  Be  la  Sale  had  no  fofpicion  of  a,  but 
afterwards  likewifc,  for  it'  was  long  be- 
fore it  was  known  what  became  o|  this 
Veffel.  At  griff  they  thought  of  killing  all 
the  French  among  them,  and  th rowing  them-- 
jfelves  on  the  Engl.jh.:  for  their  Protection  j 
but  their  Courage faiPd  them.  !  They  thought; 
they  might' aft  with  more  fecunty  after  Mr, 
£>e  k  Sale  and  his  Company  f'hoiild  be  gone 
on  their  intended  Difcoyaies.  The  French. 
having  no  fiilpicion  of  their  defigns,  permits 
ted  a  Number  oi  Indians  to  come  clipboard 
in  a  Bay  where  the  Bark  came  to;  an  Anchor, 
in  her  return,  and  the  Indians  taking  advan- 
tage of  their  Numbers,  and  the  fecumj  of 
the  French,  murderM  the  Men  and  burnt  the 
Veflel. 
■  The  Courage  and  Refolution  of  thefe 
Gentlemen .  ought  to'-  be  taken  Notice  ©f^ 
for  their  Honour,  notwithftanding  that  the 
Engl  ft  fay,  that  the  Barrcnnefe  and  Poverty 
of  Canada   puihes  the  Men  of  Spirit  there 

.  upon 


36 


v ., 5 

Hiftory  of  the  five 


Chap.  III. 

upon  Enterprises  they    would  not  attempt 
if  they  liv'd  in  the  Province  of  New-Tork± 


CHAP.    III. 

The  Affairs  of  the  Five  Nations  with  th$  Neioh* 
bouring  Englifli  Colonies. 

THe  Five  Nations  being  now  amply  fup* 
ply'd  with  Fire- Arms  and  Ammunition, 
give  full  fwing   to  their  War-like  Genius, 
and  therefore  refolv'd  to  Revenge  theAffronts 
they   had  at  any   time   receiv'd    from   their 
Neighbours^.  The  neareftNations  as  they  were 
attackt,  commonly  flying  to  thofe  that  were 
further  off,  the  Five  Nations  purfued  This,  to- 
gether with  a  defire  they  had  of  Conquering 
•    and  of  making  all  the  Nations  round  them 
their   Tributaries,    or  to  acknowledge  the 
Five  Nations   to  be  their  Matters,    made  the 
FiveNatm  over-run  the  greateft  part  of  North- 
America.     They    carried   their  Arms   as  far 
South  as  Carolina,  and  to  xhtNorthward  of  New- 
England,  and  as  far  Weft  as  the  River  Mififfipi, 
over  a  vail:  Country  which  extends  1200  Miles 
in  Length,    from  North  to  South,  and  about 
fix  hundred  Miles  fin  Breadth,    and  entirely 
Deftroyed  many  Nations  that  made  Refifl- 
.ancb. 

Tfaefe 


Part  I.  Indian  Nations]  Ji: 

Thefe  War-like  Expeditions  often  prov'd 
Troublefom  to  the  Colonics  of  Virginia  and 
Maryland  j  for  not  only  the  Indians  who  were 
Friends  to  thofe  Colonies,  became  Vi£fcims  to 
the  Fury  of  the  Five  Nations,  but  the  Chrifiian 
Inhabitants  like  wife  were  involv'dolten  in  the 
fame  Calamity. 

For  this  reafon  about  the  year  1677.  the 
Government  of  Maryland  fent  Coll.  Conrfey  to 
Albany  to  make  a  League  of  Friendfhip  be- 
tween Virginia  and  Maryland  on  the  one  part,. 
and  the  Five  Nations  on  the  other ;  but  this 
League  was  foon  ihaken  by  fome  Parties  of 
the  Oneydoes,  Onondagas  and  Sennekas  9  who 
were  out  when  this  Covenant  was  made,  &vA 
were  ignorant  of  it.  One  of  thefe  Parties 
met  with  the  Sufyuehana  Indians,  who  were  in 
Friendfhip  with  Maryland,  and  fell  upon  them, 
kilPd  four,  and  took  fix  Prifoners.  Five  of 
thefe  Prifoners  fell  to  the  fhare  of  the  Sennekas9 
who,  as  foon  as  they  arrived  in  their  Country, 
&nt  them  back  withPrefents,  to  fhew  that  they 
kepctothnr  League  with  Maryland;  but  the 
the  Prifoner  they  had. 

that     went    againft    the 

(       :  ads  of  Virginia)    were 

>  of  Virginia Horfe,  who 

>k  a  :W.ointf\i  Prifoner* 

kilPc  four  of.  the 

Inhabi- 


Oncydoes 

detai 

Anot 

her 

Eanartjfi 

Ikdi 

farpnze 

G   GV 

|iU>a  0 

ne  hi 

The  In 

i\>+<u 

3 


0  Hifiory   6f  tkt  fib?        Chap.  lit 

Inhabitants,  mid  carried   away   their    Scalps, 
"with  fix  Chrtfitm  Prifoners. 

•The  Mohawks  all  this  .while  kept  themfelvei 
ftnctiy  to  their  League,  and  fuftered  none  of 
their  Indians  to  eo  towards  Vininia  unci' 
Marjlmd.  '     ' 

(  There  is  fcafoii  to  think  that  the  Qutch^  whd 
lived  zz  Sckgneclady  atthat  time,  fpiritcd  up  the 
Indians  againft  the  Englifh ;  For  the  Commander 
at  Aibtmy  hearing  that  the  Fivz  Natiws^  (the 
Onr/doa  dpeci^liy)  were  in  an  Alarm  from 
lame  jealouiy  that  they  had  entertained  of  ther 
Englijh  at  Netv-Tork^  ftnt  Arnopst  and  Darnel,  two 
Interpreters  of  the  Indian  Language,  to  per-r 
iwade  them  to  come  to  Albany r,  in  order  to  bd 
afliired  of  thcExgtijli  Friendship,  and  to  have 
iheirjealouiy  removM.  Which  the  Interpreter^, 
having  happily  brought  to  pafs,  SweriJIc^  one  of 
the  chief  Mai  or,  Sachims  of  xhtOnejdves  ex^ 


d  hisC 


OU' 


nry-men  atA&akffifot  15  th  of 


vmAiry   10/0^9;  as  ron'ows^ 

iX  Father  CorUer  j 

J"\T'Ej  are  now  come  to  fpcakto.yon  of 
W     foine  it  range  Occurences  that  have 
*'6  lately  happened. 

*  Laft  Harveft  one  of  our  Indians,  calPd, 
HTrcuht.i?iendo  5  went  to  Schcne&ady  to  buy 
*  goods  j  he  was  told  of  the  Miichief  we  had 


Part  I. 


Mian  Nations'. 


13 


"done  in  Virginia  $  To  which  the  People  of 
"  Schenectady  added,  That  the  Englijh  of  this 
"  Government  were  very  Angry,  and  that 
"they  would  kill  us. 

"Soon  afterwards  another  of  oiir Indians* 
"  call'd,  Adagotinwa,  went  to  ScheneBady,  in 
*c  his  way  to  Albany;  He  was  told  by  the 
"  People  .there*  That  if  he  went  forward  to 
"Albany  he  might  fihgvto  Morrow,  for  the 
"English  there  would  bind  and  kill  him; 
**  Whereupon  he  and  another  Indian  immedi- 
"  ately  returned,  and  brought  this  Report  to 
"  to  qurCaftle  at  Onada, 

f  But  we  now  fee  the  Governors  good  hearty 
"  notwithstanding  of  all  this  bad  News. 
.  "Atlaft  the  People  of  SchgneRady  told  five 
"of  our  Indians,  who  intended  for  Albany^ 
f  That  if  they  went  forward  they  would  all 
"be  Dead  Men  ;  upon  which  one  run  im- 
^■•mediately  back,  but  the  other  four  went 
^forward.  This  Man,  .('who  is  called  Om* 
"  wahrarihta)  .  tbld  us,  That  the  other  four 
'"  Men  were  taken  by  the  Englhh^  and  that  two 
for  three  hundred  Men  were  upon  their  way 
"to  fight  us.  Upon  hearing  of  this;-  I  ae*> 
"  knowledge,  that  though  i,  Swerife^  be  a 
4i  Sachem,  ]  left  the  Affair  wholly  to  our 
<c  Soldiers ,  .feeing  that  they  were  Soldiers 
I  who  cameagainit  us.;  Whereupon  our  Men 
^immediately  RefolvM  to  Fortiiie  the  Caftle. 
E  ^  While 


55S 


^4  Hiftory  of  the  five        Chap.  lit. 

"  While  this  was  doing  the  War-Shout  was 
&  railed.  Our  Men  calPd  out,  That  Horfe-mm 
u  came  dgainft  us  j  Now  we  jhall  be  put  to  it. 
"Thefe  prov'd  to  be  the  two  Interpreters, 
Ci  who  being  received  into  the  Caftle ,  our 
u  young  Soldiers,  whofe  Spirits  had  been  ve- 
u  hemently  raifed,  run  round  them  with  their 
€S  Hatchets  in  their  hands,  threatning  to  kill 
*  them.  But  I,  Swerijfe,  did  what  1  could  to 
cc  pacifie  our  Men,  and  told  the  Meflengers^ 
Ci  That  we  would  hear  them  to  Morrow. 

cc  Father  Corlaer  ;  We  defire  that  your  Anger 
u  may  be  appealed,  and  that  your  Mind  may 
a  be  quieted.  We  give  no  credit  to  the 
"  ftories  which  our  Indians  brought  us  from 
"  Schenettady,  and  we  fhall  not  believe  any 
**  fuch  Stories  for  the  future  Seeing  all  of  ui 
"to  the  Weft  ward,  ev'n  from  New-Torkjo  the 
"Sennekas,  are  under  one  Government,  Why 
cc  is  ScheneBady  the  only  bad  place  ?  for  We 
€i  hold  firmly  to  the  Old  Covenant. 

Then  he  save  a  Belt  of  Wampum  (d)  . 

He 


(//)  Wampum is  the  current  Money  among  the  Indians*. 
it  is  made  of  the  large  Whelk  Shell  {Briccinwn)  and  shaped 
like Ipne  Beads.  With  this,  put  upon  fixings,  they  make 
thefe  Belts,  which  they  give  in  all  their  Treaties,  as  fignso* 
Confirmation,  to  remain  with  the  other  Party.  The 
"Wampum  is  of  two  forts,  viz.  White  and  Black  ;  the  Black 
Bthcrarcft,  and  moft  yaluablc.      By  a  regular  mixing  of  , 

tnc 


Part  V. 


Indian  Nations. 


1? 


He  in  the  next  place  gave  an  account  of 
what  had  happened  kin  Virginia^  And  then 
faid, 
"  father  Corlaer  j 
"  Have  Pity  on  our  Indian  Prifoners,  as 
^*We  have  had  on  thefe  Prifoners  (viz.  A 
Woman  and  her  two  Children)  u which  we 
"  now  deliver  to  you,  notwithftanding  that 
"they  have  been  giv'n  away,  according  to 
"  our  Cuftom.  We  pray  therefore  his  H  o* 
*  nour  to  take  Pity  on  our  People  that  a  re 
"  Prifoners,  efpecially  on  the  Indian  Woman, 
<chis  Kins-Woman,  whom  he  hath  adopted  as 
"  a  Grand-Child.  Let  them  be  Releafed,  if 
f  alive,  otlierwife  give  us  fome  of  the  Can*- 
"ftoga  Indians  in  their  room.  As  to  the  other 
"  three  Chriftian  Prifoners,  the  Woman  and 
"  her  two  Children  that  are  yet  with  us,  Wc 
"deiire  firft  to  have  our  Indians  Reftored^ 
"or  others  ill  their  room,  before  they  be  De^ 
f  livered. 


the  Black  and  White  ehey  diftinguish  their  Belts  with  va^ 
rious  Figures ,  which  they  often  fuit  to  the  Occafion  of 
making  ufe  of  them.  Wampum* is  called  Zewant  by  the 
$n#b  in  this  Province. 


%.% 


Governor 


5555: 


|6  r-  ftj?*r>  g£  the  five  Chap.  JII. 

Governor  AndroCs,  being  acquainted  by 
Letter  with  this  Tail:  Propoial  of  the  Oneydo.es 
required  the  immediate  Delivery  of  the  Chri- 
itian  Prifoners,  and  promifed  to  write  to 
Virginia  to  have  the  Indian  Prifoners  faved. 
Some  £refents  being  given  to  to  the  Onejdoes 
they  anfwered, 

"We  Thank  the  Governor  for  his  good 
^Inclination  and  Affe&ion.  Our  Heart  i$ 
"  good,  and  we  fee  his  Heart  is  tikewife  good  1 
*c  if  it  was  otherwife  we  could  not  live  :  We 
"  thank  theGovernor  for  the  Prefent  now  giv3a 
"  us  :  It  is  his  weilcoixie  from  England. 

u father  Corker ,  We  are  your  Children 
u.  and  the  Mohawks,  your  Brethren,  are  like- 
"wife  our  Fathers.  We  rejoyce  btcaufe  your 
"Heartsare  good.  Since  the  Governor  is 
"  not  fatisfied  with  thefe  three  Prifoners,  we 
"have  now  unanimoufly  Refplved  to  bring 
"the  other  three  which  are  ftill  with  us,  as/ 
"  foon  as  poffible ;  but  the  Rivers  are  now  fo 
"  full  of  Water,that  we  cannot  bring  them  this 
"Moon,  but  the  next  Moon,  I, SwtriJJc,  pro- 
"  mife  to.  come  with  them. 
,"We  obey  the  Governor^  Orders,  that 
"  we  may  not  be  afhamed,  and  therefore  We 
"Releafe  all  the  Prifoners.  We  hopethe 
"Governpr  will  likewifc  aft  fo  as  he  need 
f  not  be  afhamed. 

"  We  do  not  now  fay,  that  we  will  fee  our 

Prifoners. 


Part  II.  Indian  Nations.'  37 

¥  Prifoners  before  we  deliver  the  other  Chri- 
"  flians,  but  refer  this  Affair  wholly  to  the 
"Governor's  Wildom,  which,  we  hope,  will 
^tend  to  our  good  and  continued  Wellfain 
"  And  lay  again,  That  we  willbnng  the  three 
"  Chriftian  Priloners  by  the  firil  opportunity 
"of  fair  Weather. 

"  We  likewife  make  known  to  qur  Father 
u  Corlaer,  That  in  our  Fury  and  Anger  (aftei* 
f  the  People  of  the  South  had  fallen  upon  us) 
•c  We  took  thefe  fix  Prifoners,  and  afterwards 
c  four  Scalps  were  brought  by  our  People, 
*  and  no  more* 

"  We  fpeak  as  Oneydoes,  for  our  felves.  If 
c  the  Sufquehana  or  Delaware  Indians  have 
6  done  any  Mifchief,  let  not  that  be  impu- 
? ted  to  us. 

"  Eight  of  our  People  are  now  out  again  ft 
:  the  ChriftianSy  of  which  we  toJd  Asmout 
'  and  Daniel  when  they  were  at  our  Caftle. 
:  They  know  nothing  of  ^hat  we  have 
:  now  agrce'd  to,  and  therefore  if  they  fhould 
happen  to  do  any  harm,  let  it  be  palled 
by,  for  they  are  entirely  Ignorant  of  the 
Governor's  Orders.  If  they  fhall  do,  any 
thing,  we  (hall  not  keep  it  fecret,  If  any 
of  the  Chriftian  Prifoners  fliall  dye  before 
we  bring  them,  we  fhould  be  fbrry;  yet 
they  are  Mortal. 55 

Accordingly  in  May  following  the  Oneydoe* 

brought 


^8  Hifitnj  of  the  five  Chapi  IIL 

brought  the  other  three  Prifoners  to  Albany. 
And  on  the  2,4th  of  that  Month  Swerijfe  made 
the  following  Speech,  when  he  delivered 
them  to  the  Commander  at  Albany \  and  the 
Commiffioners    for     Indian  Affairs. 

u  Bretheren  \ 

*\T\T'^J  arecometo  this  place  with  much 

<<  V    V     Trouble,  as  we  did  laft  Winter, 

*  and  renew  the  Requeft  we  then  made,  that 
*&x  Indians  be  delivered  to  us  in  the  room  of 
"the  fix  Chriftians,  in  cafe  thofe  of  our  People 
^  who  are  Prifoners  in  Virginia  be  dead.  None 
k  of  our  Indian*  have  gone  out  againft  the 
H  Englijh  fince  we  were  laft  here  \  but  we  have 
*•  told  yoii  that  fome  of  ours  were  then  out,wha 
«*  were  ignorant  of  the  Governor's  Orders, 
«  and  we  defired   that   if  they   happen'd  to, 

#  do  any  harm  jit  might  not  be  ill  taken.  Now 
*'  thirteen  of  our  People  who  went  againft 
iQ  our  Indian  Enemies,  met  with  eighteen 
V  Englifk  on  Horfeback,  as  far  from  any  o£ 
*'  the  English.  Plantations  as  Cahnuaga  (  e  )  is 
^  from  Albany*  They  fir2d  upon  our  Peo^ 
C6  pie  j  ours  being  Soldiers,  returnM  their 
«'Fire  and  kilPd  two  Men  and  two  Horfes, 
¥  and  brought  away  their  Scalps. 

a  It  would  be  convenient  that  the  Gover-r 

"  nor 


(*}  The  firft  JfrfcwA  Caftk* 


art  L  Indian  Nations,  39 

nor  acquaint  the  People  of  Virginia  not  to 
fend  their  Men  fo  far  abroad,  for  if  they 
fhould  happen  to  meet  our  Parties  in  their 
way  agamit  our  Enemies,  the  Cahnowas^ 
whom  the  Englift  call  Arogifti,  dangerous 
Confequences  might  follow. 
"  Wc  have  now  fubmitted  to  the  Gover* 
nor's  Order,  in  bringing  the  three  other 
Chriftian  Prifoners.  When  we  were  here 
laft  Winter,  we  left  the  Affair  of  our  Pri- 
foners wholy  to  the  Governor,  and  pro* 
mifed  to  bring  the  three  Chriftian  Prifo- 
ners that,  remain'd  with  us.  This  we  have 
now  performed  i  But  where  are  our  Prifo- 
nerSj  or  if  they  be  dead*  the  others  in 
their  room,  tho5  it  be  already  fo  late  in 
the  Spring:  However,  we  ftill  refer  this 
to  the  Governor* 

(Then  taking  the  Chrijhan  Girl,  who  was 
Prifoner,  by  the  hand,  laid)  "  This  Girl 
was  deliver'd  to  an  Indian  Sqm  (e)  here, 
prefent*  who's  Brother  then  was  kilPd. 
If  we  had  been  full  of  Wrath,  and  not 
afraid  of  further  Inconveniencies,  we  would 
have  burnt  her. 

(Taking  the  Boy,  another  of  the  three,  by 

he  hand,  laid)  "  This  Boy  was  giv'n  to  ah 

Indian   here  prefent*    but  he  is  now' free, 

"  We 


I 

if 


/  )  A  Woman* 


4©  ?0m   °f  the  five         Chap.  lit 

?  We  have  now  perform'd  our  Promifes, 
*cand  are  not  aihairied.  We  hope  Corlaer$ 
"who  Governs  the  whole  Country,,  will 
<c  likeWife  do  that  of  which  he  needeth  not 
6i  be  afhamed. 

"  CorLer  goverfis  the  whole  Land,  front 
u  NewJCork^  to  Mb  any  ^  and  from  thence  to 
"  the  Sennckas  Land  ;  We  who  are  his  Sub- 
^  je£rs  ihall  faithfully  keep  the  Covenant 
u  Chain:  Let  hjfm  perform,  his  Promife,  as. 
■"  we  have  performed  ours,  that  the  Covenant 
\  Chain  be  Hot  broken  on  fiis  fide,  who  go*, 
u  verns  the  whole  Country. 
.  f-  Corkers  Limits*' as  we  have  fa'id,  ftrctcK 
u  fo  far  .cv'ii  to  Jacob  my' friend,  or  $#cm 
<w  Tohw^  arid  we  have  heard  that  Corl  er  is 
a  in  good  Correfpondence  with  Ftrgmm  and,' 
"  Maryland^  Why  is  it  then  that  our  Peo-,- 
u  pie,  who  are  Pri loners,  arc  not  reitored? 
f  Let  what  wc  now  fay  be  well  obierved, 
Cf'  for  we  have  obierved  the  Governor's  Or- 
-"ders.-. 

Laitjy  (taking  the  Woman  Priiotfer  by 
the  hand,  faid)  a  This  Woman  was  givej 
uto  that  Indian,  (pointing,)  but  is  now  free* 
cc  being  the  Trxth.  If  "thofe  of  our  Peopld 
tc  who  ace  Pri loners  be  Deadfjet  us  hav.4  fiJ 
^  Indians  in  tHeif  room.  It  is  riot  by  my  Au-; 
**. .charity  that  thefe  Prifohers  have  been  re- 
f  leafed,  but  by  the  good  Will  of  them  to1' 

6&  whorit 


lilli 


Part  I. 


Indian  Nations* 


4*. 


"  whom  they  were  given. 

"  Oar   Soldiers  are  to  go   out  againft  the 

*  Dewagunhas,  let  us  h&vc  Ammunition  cheap.3* 

Then  the  Commiffioners  gave  them  Prefents 
For  their  kind  Uiageof  the  Prifoners. 

After  which  Swepfe  flood  up  and  faid, 
"  Let  Cprlaer  take  care  that  the  Indian  Sqm 
!■  thatis  wanting  come  again,  and  for  thofe 
"that  are  killed,  others  in  their  room.  If 
"  Corlaer  will  not  hearken  to  us  in  this  Afiair, 
"  we  fhall  not  hereafter  hearken  to  him  in 
«  any.  » 

They  hearing  afterwards  that  thefc  laft 
Words  were  ill  taken,  Sweriffe^  Jehwovgera  and 
Kanohgttage,  three  of  the  chief  Oneydo  Sachems 
excuied  it,  faying,  "  What  we  laid  of  not 
"  hearkening  any  more  to  Corker^  was  not 
iQ  from  the  heart,  but  only  byway  ofDif- 

*  coi\rfe:!  to  make  Corker "  more  careful  to 
"  rcleafe^our  People  that  are  Prifoners;  for 
"-it  was  find  after  your  Anfwer,  and  without 
"  laying  down  either  Bever  or  any  Belt  or 

*  Wampum,  as  we  always  do  when  we  make 
"  C?)Propoiitions;  Therefore  we  defirethat 


is)  ^le  word  Proportion  has  been  always  ufed  by  the 
Sommiflioners  for  Indian  Affairs  at  Albany,  to  fignifie Pro- 
f&fl/s  cr  Articles,  in  the  Treaties  pr  Agreements  :iiude 
wim  die  Indians, 

F  -       "  if 


— HI 


Biftory  of  the  five 


Chap.  IIL 


4* 

ct  i|  it  be  noted,  it  may  be  blotted  out,  and 
a  not  made  known  to  CorUer  -y  for  we  hold 
<e  firmly  to  our  Covenant,  as  wefaid  in  our 
€C  Propositions. 

They  at  the  fime  rime  told,  That  the  Sin* 
mndowans  (h)  camefto  them  with  eight  Belts, 
defiringthat  they  fhould  no  longer  profecute 
the  War  with  Virginia,  ox  Virginia  Indians,  but 
to  go  with  them  to  War  againft  the  Dowa* 
ganhas,  (i)  a  Nation  lying  to  the  North-weft 
ward  ;  and  that  the  Sicfineltas  did  defire  them 
to  fet  thefe  Chrifrians  at  Liberty,  and  to  car* 
ry  them  to  Albany..  All  which  they  faid 
they  promised   to  do. 

The  Five  Nations  continuing  ftill  to  be 
troublefome  to  Virginia,  that  Government,  in 
September  following,  fent  CoL  William-Kendall 
and  Coh  Smthlej  Littleton  to  Albany,  to  Re- 
nzw  and  Confirm  the  League  between  Vir* 
ginia  and  the  Five  Nations.  Col.  Littleton  dy'd 
at  Albany  before  the  Indians  arriv'd.  CoL 
Kendall  fpoke  to  the  Onejdoes,  as  follows, 


( h )  A  Caftle  of  the  Sennehasy  from  whence  the  French 
call  ail  the  -S$nBcka$,  Tfonontouan. 

(?)  Comprehended  under  the  Genera!  name    of  Uttt* 


w 


The 


Part  I. 


Indian  Nations. 


43 


The  Propofitions  of  Col.  William  Kendall  and  Col. 
Southley  Littleton  Commiijloners  fint  by  the 
Governor ,  Council  and  Burgejfes  of  Virginia, 
at  a  Grand  Affembly  held  in  James-City. 

"  \7\ZE  are  come  from  Virginia  ^  beings 
«  V  V  as  aij  xhefe  Countries  are,  under 
"the  Great  King  Charles  ^  to  fpeak  to 
"  you  upon  Occafion  of  fome  of  youi*s  ha* 
"  ving  entred  our  Houfes,  taken  away  and 
P  deftrby'd  our  Goods  and  People,  and 
I  brought  fome  of  our  Women  and  Chil- 
I  dren  Captives  into  your  Caftles,  contrary 
"to  your  Faith  and  Promife*  3  It  is  alfo  a 
I  Breach  of  the  Peace  made  with  Col.  Cour- 
"fey,  without  any  Provocation  or  Injury  in 
I  the  leaft  done  by  us,  or  difturbing  you  in, , 
"  your  Hunting,  Trade,  orPaffing,  until  you. 
"were  found  taking  our  Corn  out  of  our. 
I  Fields,  and  plundering  and  burning  our 
1  Houfes. 

"  Tho5  your  Actions  already  done  are  fuf- 
I  ficient  Reafons  to  enduce  us  to  a  violent 
I  War  againft  you,  which  might  engage  all  + 
*  our  Confederate  English  Neighbours,  Sub- 
I  jccls  to  our  great  King  Charles ;  yet  through 
I  the  great  Refpect  we  have  to  and  the  Per- 
I  fwafions  of  the  Governor  here,  whom  we  . 
4  find  your  great  Friend,  and  the  Informa- 
tion 


sa 


44  Eifiory  of  the  five  Chap.  lit 

u  tion  that  he  has  given  us,  that  you  have 
"  quietly   and    peaceably    delivered    to    him 
the  Prifoners  you  had  taken  from  us,  who 
are  alfo  returned  fafely  into  our  Country, 
and  your  Excufing  the  fame,  and  Inclina- 
tion to  continue  Peaceable,  without  Inju- 
*  ring  us  for  the  future.   We  are  therefore 
€C  willing,  and    have,  and  do  forgive  all  the 
**  Damages  which  you  have  done  our  Peo- 
M  pie,  tho5  very  great,  Provided  neither  you 
^  nor  any  living  among  you,  for  the  future, 
4C  do  not  offend  or  moleft  our  People  or  In* 
*'  dians  living  amongft  us. 

**■  And  we  do  acquaint  you,  that  we  have 
u  a  Law  in  our  Country,  that  all  Indians 
w  corning  near  Chrifiians  inuft  ftanci  ftill,  and 
"  lay  down  their  Arms,  as  a  token  of.  their 
"  being  Friends,  or  otherwife  an*,  taken  and 
**  lookt  upon  or  deftroyed  as  Enemies* 
<e  Therefore  defire  you  will  take  notice 
**  thereof  accordingly,  for  we  have  many  of 
M  our  People  in  the  Woods  abroad  every 
**  way. 

He  fpoke  to  the  Mohawk*,  and  the  other 
Nations  ieperateiy  from  xht'Oneydoes^  becaufe 
the  other  Nations  were  fuppofed  not  to 
have  done  any  Mifchief* 

"  We  are  come  here  from  Virginia  upon 
"  occafion  of  fome  of  your  Neighbours  do- 
"  ing  of  Mifchief  or  Haxm  in  our  Country, 

"  which 


Part  f; 


Indian  Nations. 


4J? 


u  which  upon  the  Interpofition  and  Perfwa- 
u  fion  of  the  Governour  here,  we  have  who- 
"  ly  palled  by  and  forgiven.  And  being 
"  inform'd,  that  you  are  not  concerned  there- 
u  in,  but  diiowning  fuch  Aftions,  we  did 
"  defire  to  fee  you,  and  to  let  you  know 
"  that  continuing  the  like  good  peaceable 
"  Neighbourhood,  youfhall  find  us.  the  fame, 
•4  and  willing  to  do  you  Friendship  at  all 
**  times,  but  we  muft  acquaint  you,  that  we 
F  have  a  Law,  &c. "  (repeating  the  fame 
words  which  he  ipoke  to  the  Oneydoes  on 
that  fubjed.) 

On  the  Twentyfifth,  he  thought  it  necef- 
iary  to  repeat  this  laft  Speech  to  the  Mohawks 
by  themielves,  who  after  they  had  received 
fome  Prefents,  anfwered  on  the  Twentyfixth 
before  Noon.. 


>'i: 


r\T£>  are  glad  to  wt  you  here,  and  to 
V  fpeak  with  you  in  this  place,  where 
<c  we  never  law  you  before.  We  underitood 
t€  your  Propositions  ;  We  thank  you  for  your 
<£  Prefents  and  ihall  give  you  an  Anfwer  Aftcr- 
6-  noon. 

In  the  Afternoon  they  faid9 
4'  Bret  her  en  ■ 
*  You  have  had  no  fmall  trouble  to  come 
65  hither  from  Virginia,  for  it  is  a  long  journey, 
u  We  are  at  your  requcft,  and  with  oar  Go- 

■    ^  veraors 


sss 


rrrrrr,  r,y^ 


46  #j/fogr  gf  «£«  j?w  Chap.  III. 

sc  vernors  Content,  come  to  meet  you  in  this 
*'  Houfe,  which  is  appointed  1 or  our  Treaties, 
"  to  hear  you  fpeak,  and  to  give  you.  an  An- 
"  Iwer.  But  before  we  give  an  Anfwer,  we 
u  make  the  appointed  Houie  clean  by  giving 
;*  this  (k)  Fathom  of  Wampum. 

"Wejuft  now  faid,  that  your  long  Journey 
u  muft  have  not  been  without  much  Fatigue, 
u  efpecially  to  you  who  are  an  Old  Man.  1  am 
*'■  old  likewife,  and  therefore  I  give  you  this 
'f  Fathom  of  Wampum  to  mitigate  your  pain. 
.  "  In  the  Beginning  of  your  Speech  you  tell 
*■  m  of  the  League  or  Covenant  made  with 
u  Coll.  Courfiy.  We  remember  it  very  well, 
a  that  it  was  made  in  our  Governors  Pretence, 
"  Wc  have  kept  it  hitherto,  and  are  refolv'd 
cf  to  keep  it  Inviolably.  We  are  glad  to  fee 
"  you  here9  to  renew  this  Covenant.  You  da 
"  better  than  the  People  of  the  Eajt,  (  New- 
^  England)  who  made  a  Covenant  atfcftefalfie 
"■  time  'y  fox  we  have  feen  none  of  them  fincc, 
"  to  renew  and  keep  up  the  Remembrance  of 
w  it.9  Then  they  gave  a  Fathom  of  Wampum. 
iC  We  have  laid  what  we  have  to  &y,  as  to 
u  the  Covenant  made  with  CoV^C&rsjly*    You 


(k)  A  Fathom  of  Wampum  is  a  fingle  firing  of  Wmfc 
fitih.  of  that  length,  it  is  of  -kfs  value  than  the  Belts,  and 
therefore  gi  veil  in  Matters  of  (mailer  Confeqiiehce ;  and  by 

cleaning  the   Houfe;   tiiey  m&gi  putting  away  &$focr$Jjp 
s$4  ^cc'tii. 


aasssssssg 

Indian  Nation* '. 


Part  L  Indian  Nation*.  47 

i  defire  us  likewife  to  continue  our  good 
I  Neighbourhood.  This  we  not  only  pro- 
1  mife  to  do,  but  likewife  to  keep  the  ( /) 
I  Chain,  which  cannot  be  broken,  clean  and 
I  bright,  and  therefore  we  defire  you  to'  do 
"  the  fame.*  Then  gave  a  Belt  of  Wampum 
twelve  deep. 

"  We  are  glad  that  by  the  Interpofkion 
1  and  Perfwaiion  of  our  Governor,  the 
"  Mifcheif  which  our  Neighbours  did  in  your 
"  Country  is  paifed  oyer,  and  now  wholly 
"forgiven.  Let  it  be  buried  in  Oblivion  j 
"  for  if  any  mifchief  fhould  befal  them 
I  (feeing  we  make  but  one  body  with  them,} 
"we  muft  have  partaken  with  them.  We 
"  approve  of  your  Law,  to  lay  down  our 
I  Arms  as  a  token  of  Friendship,  and  we 
K.fhall  do  fo  for  the  future.5  Then  gave  a 
Belt  fourteen  deep. 

ic  We  were  told  before  we  heard  your 
"Proportions,  that  one  of  the  Agents  from 
|  Firgivh  was  Dead.  We  lament  and  bewail 
I  his  Death,  but  admire  that  nothing  was 
I  laid  down,  according  to  our  Cuftom,  when 
I  the  Death  of  fuch  a  Perfon  was  fignified  to 
"us.  We  give  you  this  Belt  of  Black 
"Wampum  (thirteen  deep)  to  wipe  away 
"  your  Tears.  "  The 


(/)    The   Indians  always  exprefs  a  League  by  a  Chain  . 
by  which  two  or  more  things  axe  kept  fa&  together. 


48  Hi/lory  of  the  five  Chap.  III. 

The  Onnondagas  did  not  come  till  November^ 
on  the  5th  of  which  Month  the  Virginia  Agent 
fpoke  to  them  in  the  fame  words  fee  had  done 
to  the  Oneydoes.  None  of  their  Anfwers 
appear  upon  the  Regifters,  except  the  Mo» 
kkwQ)  which  we  have  given.  It  is  certain  that 
the  Onnondagas  and  Oneydoes  did  not  obferve  the 
Peace  with  Firgmia,  but  molefted  them  with 
the  reiterated  Incurfions  of  their  Parties.  It 
is  obfervabic  however,  that. thefe  two  Nations 
and  the  Cayugas  only,  had  received  French 
Priefls  among  them,  and  that  none  of  the 
reft  who  were  not  under  the  Influence  of  thole 
Priefts,  ever  molefted  the  Engljh ;  for  which 
reaibn  Coll.  Dongan^  tho5  a  Fapift^  complained 
of  the  ill  Offices  the  Priefts  did  to  the  Englijh 
Intereft,  and  forbid  the  Five  Nations  to  enter- 
tain  any  of  them,  tho5  the  Engl.fi)  and  French 
Crowns,  while  he  was  Governor  of  ffinM 
2V£,  in  King  fertes^s  Reign,  ieem'd  to  be 
xnore  than  ever  m  ftrict  Friendship, 

The  French  could  have  no  hopes  of  per- 
fwadmg  the  Indians  to  hurt  any  of  the  In- 
habitants of  Nevj-Yorhj  but  they  were  in  hopes, 
that  by  the  Indian  Parries  doirg  frequently 
jViifchief  in  Frgima,  the  Government  of  ffletM 
T&rl^  would  be  forced  to  joyn  in  relenting 
the  injury,  and  thereby  that  Union  between 
the  Government  of  New-Tori^  and  the  Five 
Wvitims  would  be  broke,  which    always  ob- 

ftru&ed 


Part  I.  Indian  Nations]  49 

ftru&ed  and  often  defeated  the  Defigns  of  the 
French,  to  fubjedt  all  North-America  to  the 
Crown  of  France.  For  this  reafon  the  Go- 
vernors  of  New-Tor^  have  always,  with  the 
greatell  Caution,  avoided  a  Breach  with  theie 
-Nations,  on  account  of  the  little  Differences 
they  had  with  the  Neighbouring  Colonys. 
Thefc  new  Incurfions  of  thefe  two  Nati- 
ons were  fo  troublefome  to  the  People  of 
Virginia,  that  their  Governor,  the  Lord  Ho- 
ward of  Effingham,  thought  it  necefiary  for 
their  Security,  to  undertake  a  Voyage  to  New** 

The  Sachems  of  the  'Five  Nations  being 
calPd  to  Albany,  his  Lordihip  met  there 
eight  Mohawi^,  three  Onejdoe,  three  Qnnon- 
daga  and  three  Cayuga  Sachems,  and  on  the 
Thirtieth  of  July,  1684.  being  accompa- 
nied with  two  of  the  Council  of  Virginia^ 
he  fpoke  to  them  as  follows,  in  the  preience 
of  Col.  Tkemas .D.tmgm9  Governor  of  New* 
Tjr{,  two  of  the  Council  of  New-Tor^,  and 
the  Magi  ft  rates  01  Albany.  The  Senmkas  liv- 
ing far  off  were  not  then  arrived. 


Propojttipns 


p 


Hlflory  tf  the  five        Chap.  III. 


frof  options  made  by  ths  Right  Honourable  Francis 
Lord  Howard  of  Effingham,  Governor  Gene* 
ral  of  His  Mjjejffs  Dominion  of  Virginia, 
To  the  Mohawks,  Oneydoes,  Onnonda* 
gas  and  Cayugas. 

u  YT  is  now  about  (even  years  ago  fince 
«  JL  you  (unprovok'd)  came  into  Virginia,  a 
«  Country  belonging  to  the  Great  King  of 
"  England,  and  committed  feveral  Murders 
u  and  Robberys,  carrying  away  ourChrifiian 
<c  Women  and  Children  Pnfoners  into  your 
"  Caftles.  All  which  injurys  we  defigned 
w.  to  have  Revenged  on  you-  but  at  the  de- 
"  fire  of  Sir  Edmond  Androfs,  then  Governor 
"  General  of  this  Country,  we  de  lifted  from 
*'  deftroying  you,  and  fent  our  Agents  Col. 
"  William  Kendall  and  Col.  SouMey  Littleton,  to 
P  Confirm  and  make  lure  the  Peace  that  Col. 
u  Covrfey  of  Maryland  included  us  in,  when 
"  firft  he  Treated  with  you.  We  find,  that 
"  as  you  quickly  forgot  what  youpromifed 
6»  Col.  Courjey,  fo  you  have  willfully  broke 
"  the  Covenant  Chain,  which  you  promifed 
^  our  Agent,  Col.  Kendall,  fliould-  be  moil 
rt  ftrongand  bright,  if  we  of  Virginia,  would 
u  bury  in  the  Fit  of  Oblivion,  the  Injurys 
a  you  had  then  done  us,  which  upon  your 
*'  Governor  Androfsh   faiterccflion,  and  your 

M  Sub, 


Part  X*  -Indian  Nation?]  ft 

"  Submiffion,  we  were  willing  to  forget; 
"  But  you  not  at  all  minding  the  Covenant 
'*  then  made,  have  every  year  fince,  come  into 
*  our  Country,  in  a  War-like  manner,  under 
6  pretence  of  Fighting  with  our  Indians^  our 
c  Friends  and  Neighbours,  which  you  ought 
'*  not  to  have  done,  our  Agent  having  enclu- 
16  ded  them  likewife  in  the  Peace.  You  not 
''  only  deftroyed  and  took  many  of  them 
6  Prisoners,  but  you  have  alfo  killM  and 
'  burnt  our  Ckrifiian  People,  deitroying  our 
"  Corn  and  Tobacco,  more  than  you  made  ufe 
"  of,  killing  our  Horfes,  Hogs  and  Cattle, 
"  not  to  eat,  but  let  them  ly  in  the  Woods 
,c  and  ftink.  This  you  did,  when  you  were 
'*  not  denyed  any  thing  you  laid  you  want-* 
R  ed. 

"  I  mud  alfo  tell  you,  that  tinder  the  pre- 
41  tence  of  Friendfhip,  you  have  come  to  our 
,c  Houfes  at  the  heads  of  our  Rivers  (where 
t  they  have  been  fortified)  with  a  white  Sheet 
rC  on  a  Pole,  and  have  laid  down  your  Guns 
¥  before  the  Fort,  upon  which  our  People 
P  taking  you  to  be  Friends,  have  admitted 
r,  your  great  Men  into  their  Forts,  and  have 
46  given  them  Meat  and  Drink,  what  they 
iC  defircd*  After  the  great  Men  had  refrefhed 
<c  thenlfelves,  and  deli  ring  to  return,  as  they 
"were  let  out  of  the  Fort  Gates,  the  young 
J*  Men  rufhed  into  the  Fort  and  plundered  th^ 
Oa.    '■.,  "  Houfc$ 


1 


= 


SSfiS 


'%>%  Hlflory  of  the  five  Chap.  IIL 

€c  Houfe,  taking  away  and  deftroyitig  all  the 
H  Corn,  Tobacco,  Bedding,  and  what  elfe 
u  was  in  the  Houfe.  When  they  went  away, 
u  they  took  feveral  Sheep  with  them,' and 
cs  kilPd  feveral  Cows  big  with  Calf,  and  left 
u  them  behind  them,  cut  to  pieces  and  flung 
u  about,  as  if  it  were  in  Defiance  of  the  Peace, 
u  and  deftroying  of  our  Friendship. 

6i  Thef^,  and  many  more  Injurys  that  you 
*■  have  done  us,  have  caufed  me  to  raifc 
€6  Forces,  to  fend  to  the  heads  of  our  Rivers 
"  to  defend  our  People  from  your  Outrages* 
ic  till  I  came  to  Ncw-Tork^toCo\.ThomasDongan9;; 
i4  ydiir  Governor  General,  to  defire  him,  as 
*c  we  are  all  one  Kings  Subjcfb,  to  affilt  me 
a  in  Warring  agaiiift  you,  to -Revenge  the 
u  Chriftian  Blood  that  you  have  fhed,  and  to 
€c  make  you  give  full  Satisfaction  for  all  the 
"•  goods  that  you  deftroyed*  But  by  the 
u  Mediation  of  your  Governor,  I  am  now 
<c  Come  to  Albany  to  fpeak  with  you,  and  to 
u  know  thereafon  of  your  breaking  the  Cove- 
u  nant  Chain,  not  only  with  us  and  ourneigh- 
€c  bour  Indians  but  with,  Maryland^  who  are 
€5  great  Kingpharlts's  Subje£fo;  for  our 'Indians 
u  have  giv9n  great  King  Charles  their  Land. 
€i  Therefore  I,  the  Governor  of  Virginia^  will 
€t  proteft  them,  as  your  Governor  under  the 
u  Great  D^fr  of  Tbr^and  Albany,  will  hence- 
u  forth  yon,  when  the  Chain  of  Friendship  is 
6t  made  between  us  all.  "  Now 


tart  1.  Indian  Nations. .  53 

"  Now  that  I  have  let  you  know  that  lam 
"  fenfible  of  all  the  Injurys  that  you  have 
"  done  us,  by  the  defire  of  your  noble  Go- 
"  vernor  General,  I  am  willing  to  make  a  new 
"  Chain  with  you  for  Virginia,  Maryland,  and 
"  our  Indians,  that  may  be  more  Itrong  and 
"  laftingj"  even  to  the  World's  end,  fo  that 
"  we  may  all  be  Bretheren  arid  Gixat  King 
*  Charles's  Children. 

"  I  propofe  to  you,  Fir/},  That  you  .call 
cc  out  of  our  Countrys  of  Virginia  and  Mary- 
ec  land  all  your  voting  Mentor  Soldiers  that 
6Q  are  now  there. 

"  Secondly,  That  yoiuio  riot  hinder  or  moleft 
"  our  Friend  Indians  from  Hunting  at  our 
"  Mountains,  it  having  been  their  Country 
¥  and  none  of  yours.  They  never  go  into 
"  your  Country  to  difttirb  any  of  you. 

<c  Thirdly,  Tho?  the  Damages  you  have 
"  done  our  Country  be  very  great,  and 
"  would  require  a  great  deal  of  Satisfaction, 
f  which  you  are  bound  to  give,  yet  we  af- 
P  fare  you,  that  only  by  the  Perlwadons  of 
li  your  Governor^  who  is  at  a  raft  deal  of 
f  Trouble  and  Charge  for  your  Wellfare, 
jf  which  you  ever  ought  to  acknowledge, 
"  I  have  palled  it  by-  arid  forgiven  you, 
16  upon  this  Condition,  that  your  People, 
i£  nor  any  living  among  you,  never  commit 
I  any  Incurlions  on  our  Chnftians  or  Induws 

■     "  living 


= 


sssss 


5S5? 


^4  Hiftory  of  the  five  Chap.  HI. 

u  living   among   us,    or  in   Maryland* 

"  For  the  better  Confirmation  of  the  fame 
u  and  that  the  Peace  now  concluded,  may 
"  belafting,  I  propofe  to  have  two  (m) 
&Q  Hatchets  buried  as  a  final  Determination 
6C  of  all  Wars  and  Jarrings  between  us: 
"  One  on  behalf  of  us  and  our  Indiansi  and 
*c  the  other  for  all  your  Nations  united  to-* 
€i  gether,  that  ever  did  us  any  Injury,  or 
"  pretended  to  Wai*  againft  our  Indian  Friends 
'*  or  Maryland \ 

ft  And  that  nothing  may  be  wanting  for 
cc  Confirmation  thereof,  (if  you  defire  it) 
*  we  are  willing  to  fend  fome  of  our  Indian 
<c  Sachems  with  an  Agent  next  Summer* 
"  about  this  time,  that  they  may  Ratifie  the 
u  Covenant  with  you  here  in  this  prefixed 
€C  Houfe,  where  you  may  fee  and  fpeak  to-* 
"  gether  as  Friends. 

"  That  the  Covenant  now  made  between 
"  us  in  this  prefixed  Houfe,  in  the  prefencc 
cc  of  your  Governor*  may  be  firmly  kepi 
u  and  performed  on  your  parts*  as  it  always 
*?  has  on  ourSj  and  that  you  do  ilot  break 
€C  any  one  Link  of  the  Covenant  Chain  for 
a  the  future,  by  your  Peoples  coming  near 
44  our  Plantations  j    When  ycxu  march  to  the 

"  South- 


( m )  All  Indians  make  ufe  o£  die  Katchet  or  Ax  as  an 
Embkin  to  expifis  Wax* 


Part  V,  Indian  Nations.  55* 

u  Southward,  keep  to  the  feet  of  the  Moun- 
I  tains,  and  not  come  nigh  the  heads,  of  our 
*  Rivers,  there  being  no  Bcver  Hunting 
I  there ;  for  we  fhall  not  tor  the  future 
I  (tho5  you  lay  down  your  Arms  as  Friends) 
w  ever  struft  you  more,  you  hayefo  often 
"  deceived  us. 


The  next  Day  the   Mohawks  anfwered  firfi  by 
their  Speaker  ^  frying 

;c  y  V  fomething  to  the  other  three  Na« 
1  tions  by  way  of  Reproof  for  their  not  keep- 
cc  ing  the  former  Covenant,  as  they  ought5 
^  and  therefore  we  deiire  you,  great  Sachem 
I  of  Virginia,  and  you  Corlaer,  and  all  Peo~ 
1  pie  here  prefent,  to  hearken,  for  we  will 
P  conceal  nothing  of  the  Evil  they  have  done. 
(Then  turning  to  the  other  three  Nations) 
tc  You  have  heard  Yefterday  all  that  has  been 
lc  laid  •  as  for  our  parts,  we  are  free  of  the  blame 
•c  laid  on  us  for  the  Mifchicf  done  in  Virgin 
I  nia  and  Maryland,  You  are  Stupid,  Bru- 
I  tifh,  and  have  no  Underftanding,  thus  to 
I  break  your  Covenant.  We  have  always 
''been  obedient  .to  Cerlder  and  have  fteadily 
I  kept  our  Covenant  with  Firgmia^  Mary- 
li  land  and  Bojton  \    v/e  muft  therefore  Stamp 

Let  the    Cover 
"  nant 


Underftanding  into  you. 


i 


■' 


36  Hiftory  of  the  five  Chap,'  III. 

a  nant  made  Yefterday,  be  carefuly  kept  for 
66  the  future.  This  we  earneftly  recommend 
u  to  you  ;  for  we  are  ready  to  cry,  for ihame 
"  of  you.  Let  us  be  no  more  afhamed  on 
"  your  Account,  but  be  obedient,  and  take 
€C  this  Belt  to  keep  what  we  fay  in  your 
*6  Remembrance. 

"  Hear  now,  now  is  the  time  to  hearken. 
**  The  Covenant  Chain  had  very  near  fliptl 
«£  You  have  not  obferv'd  your  Covenant. 
a  Obfervc  it  now,  when  all  former  Evil  is 
u  buried  in  the  Pit.. 

"  You  Qnydots,  I  fpeak  to  you  as  (»).Chil- 
*?  dren.  JBe  no  longer  void  of  Underftand- 
u  ing. 

•*'  You  Onnondagas ,  our  Brethcren,  you  are 
"  like  Deaf  People,  that  cannot  hear,  your 
u  Senfesarecover'd  with  Dirt  and  Filth, 

66  You  Cayugas,  Do  not  return  into  your 
*f  former  ways.  There  are  three  things  we 
"  niuft  all  obferve; 

"  Fir  ft  %  The  Covenant  with  Corlaer,  Second- 
H  Ij,  The  Covenant  with  'Virginia  and  Maryland* 
"Thirdly,  The  Covenant  with  Bofton.  We 
"  mult  Stamp  Underftanding  into  you,  that 
u  you  may  be  obedient.  And  Take  this  Belt 
"  for  a  Remembrancer. 

Then 

( » )  The  Mohaivks  always  call  the  Oneydoes  Children,  and 
the  Oneydoes  acknowledge  the  Mobaivks  to  be  their  lathers. 


!*art  t.  fndmn  iSfatidnsl  §f 

Then  OMame,  the  fame  Mohawk,  Speaker^ 
turning  to  my  Lord,  fpoke  in  behalf  of  all 
the  four  Nations. 

"  We  arc  very  thankful  to  yoii,  great  Sachetrt 
"  of  Virginia^  that  you  are  plea&d  to  be  per- 
"  fwaded  by  Coriaer^  our  Governor,  to  forgive 
*•  all  former  Faults*  We  are  very  glad  to  hear 
"  you  and  to  fee  your  Heart  foftned.  Take 
'f.theie  three  Bevers  as  g  Token, 

"  We  thank  the  great  Sachem  of  T^irginU 
"  for  faying,  that  the  Ax  fhali  be  thrown  into 
K  the  Pit.  Take  theie  two  Bevers  as  a  Token 
■'  of  our  Joy  arid  Thankfulncfs. 

"  We  are  glad  that  (o)  Jjjhrig&a^  will  bury 
u  m  the  Pit  what  is  paft,  and  ftamp  thereon. 
*'  Let  a  ftrong  ftream  likewife  run  under  the 
*  Pit,  to  wafh  the  evil  all  away,  ffiw  2  Bevers* 

"  My  Ldrd^  -you  are  a  Man  of  gre?i  Know^ 
"ledge  and  Undr.rftanding,  thus  to  keep  the 
"Coveiiarit  Chain  bright  as  Silver^  and  now 
u  again  to  Renew  it,  and  make  it  ftrctager. 

(Then  pointing  to  the  othe  three  Nations 
faid,)  "  But  they  are  Covenant  Breakers.  I 
66  lay  ddwn  this  as  a  Token  that  we  Mohawks 
r  have  kept  the  Covenant  entire  on  out  parts* 
Giving  two  Bevers  and  a  Raccoon. 

"  The  Covenant  muft  be  kept  j  for  the  fire 

g----  •  - .    -----  -*  .  ■:-,.     .       ,„,  ,.   ..    .  . 

L  0 )  T^e  Name}  wkick  the  Ffai  Nations  always  gv®  fjtf 
©overnors  of  Virglnw*  . 


== 


'i  ^: 


58.  &i(iory  of  thtfivi  Chap.  Ill* 

u  o£  Lote  of,  Virginia  and  Maryland  burns  in 
"  this  place,  as  well  as  ours,  and  this  Covenant 
"  Houfe  muft  be  kept  clean.  Gives  two 
Be  vers. 

"We  now  plant  a  (jo)  Tree,  who's  tops 
"will  reach  the  Stm,  and  its  Branches  ipread 
"  far  abroad,  fo  that  it  fllull  be  fcen  afar  off  %  &C 
ei  we  fhall  fhelter  ourfel ves  under  it,  and  live  in 
«Peace,withoutmoleftation.  Gives  two  Bevers. 

*  You  propoled  yefterday,  that  if  we  were 
"defirous  to  fee  the  Indians  of  Virginia,  you 
"  are  willing  to  fertd  fome  of  their  Sachems 
"  next  Summer  about  this  time  to  this  Place. 
"This  Propofel  pleafes  us  very  much.  The 
"fooiier  they  come,  it  will  be  the  better,  that 
"  we  may  fpeak  with  them  inthisHoufe^which 
"  is  apointed  for  our  fpeak ing  with  ourFnends, 
And  rave  two  Belts  to  confirm  it* 

"  You  have  now  heard  what  Exhortation  we 
€C  have  made  to  the  other  three  Nations.  We 
"  liave  taken  the  Hatchet  out  of  their  hands, 
c*  We  now  therefore  pray,  that  your  Hatchet 
u  may  likewife  be  buried  in  the  Pit-  Giving 
two  Bevers,  r 

"Let  the  River  be  feture,   for  we  fome- 

££  times  make  Propofitions  tothe  J^m-.»  and 

c&  Nevefni  Indians ;    but  above  all,    let    yottr 

"fTirrini*  Indians  come  fecurely  hither,   thac 

*  "we 


(p)  The  Five  Nations  always  txprefs  Peace  uacfer  tfcs 
Mctapher  of  a  Tmy  "in  this1  manner. 


J>artl.  Indian  Nation*.  f^ 

**we  may  keep  a  good  Corrcfpondencc  with 
'*  them. 

^  My  Lordy  Some  of  us  Mokvu/k*  arc  cut 
"  againit  Our  Enemies  that  live  a  far  off. 
*9  When  they  come  near  your  Plantations, 
"they  will  do  you  no.  harm,  nor  Plunder  as 
"the  others. do.  Be  kind  to  them,  if  they 
"  {hall  happen  to  come  to  any  of  your  Plan* 
"  tations.  Give  them  fomeTobscco  and  Tome. 
c*Vi6tualsj  for  they  will  neither  Rob  nor 
"  Steal,  as  the  Oneydoes^  Onnonaggas  and  Cayugas 
"  have  done. 

tt  The  Oneydoes  particularly  Thank  your 
*Lordfhip  for  hearkening  to  lay  clown  the 
"  Asj.  The  Hatchet  is  taken  out  of  all  their 
hands.     And  gives  a  Belt. 

"  We  again  thank  your  Lordfhip,  that  the 
"  Covenant  Cham  is  Renewed,  Let  it  be  kept 
H  c\  ean  and  bright,  and  held  fail,  Let  not  any 
"one  pull  his  Arm  from  it.  We  enclude  all 
f  the  Four  Nations  in  giving  this  Belt. 

"We  again  pray  your  Lordfhip,  to  take 
"•the  Oneydoes  into  your  Friendfhip,  and  that 
"you  keep  the  Covenant  Chain  ftroijg  with 
"  them  j  tor  they  are  in  our  Covenant.  Gives 
a  Belt. 

The  Oneydoes  give  twenty  Be  vers,  as  fatis*. 
faction  for  what  they  promifed  my  Lord 
Baltimore^  and  defire  that  they  may  be  Dif- 
charged*  - 

H  %  Mr 


ssss 


5 


do  Hiftory  of  the  fivs  Chap.  Ill, 

My  t^ord  and  the  Governor  told  them 
That  they  would  ufe  their  Endeavours  with 
*he  hard  J$aluwor$r  to  peffwa4e  him  to  forgive 
what  remained. 

Then  the  Indians  defired  that  the  Hole  might 
be  digged,  to  bury  the  Axes,  viz.  One  ^ 
behalf  of  Virginia  and  their  Indians,  another  ia 
behalf  of  Marjla®4attd  their  Indians,  aiid  three 
for  the  Qnejdoe$%  Qnnondagas  and  Camgas.  The 
Mohawks  laid,  there  was  no  need  of  burying 
any  on  their  Account ;  for  the  firft  Chain  had 
never  been  broke  by  them. 

Then  the  three  Nations  fpoke  by  an  Oman* 
daga,  calPd  Thanohjanihta%  who  laid, 

*  We  Thank  the  great  Sachem  of  Firginia% 
u  that  he  has  fp  readily  forgiven  -arid  forgot 
*c  the  Evil  that  has  been  done  j,  And  We,  "on 
"  our  parts,  gladly  catch  at  and  lay*  hold  of  the 
*•  Cham. "  Then  eaqh  pi  them  deliver  m 
Ax  to  be  buried,  and  gave  a  Belt. 

The  Speaker  added,"  T:  I  fpeak  in  the  Name 
99  of  all  three  Nations,  and  inculde  them  in 
53  this  Chain,  which  we  define  may  be  kept 
"  clean  and  bright  like  Silver.     Gives  a  Belt. 

M  We  defire  that  the  Path  may  he  open  for 
95  the  Indians,  xxndtx  your  Lordfhips  Protection, 
*y  to  come  fafely  and  freely  tp  this  place,  in 
*  or  Jer  to  confirm  this  Peace'  °  Gives  fix 
Fathom  of  Wampum. 

Then  the  Axes  were  buried  in  the  South- 

eaft 


ss= 


Part  I,  Jndian  Natiml  £j 

raft  end  of  the  Courtyard,  and  the  Indians 
threw  the  Earth  upon  them.  After  which 
niy  Lord  told  them,  That  fince  now  a  firm  Peace 
was  concluded ^  We  jhall  hereafter  remain  Friends 
*nd  Virginia  and  Maryland  will  find  once  in  twl 
er  three  years  to  Renew  it,  and  fomc  of  Our  Indian 
Sachems  fall  fome,  according  to  pptr  defire  to 
Confirm  it,  ' 

Laft  cf  all,  the  Onej/does,  Qnnondavas  and 
Cajtigas,  joyntly,  fang  the  Peace  Sent,  wjtfc 
Dcmonurations  of  much  Joy ;  and  Thank'd 
the  Governor  of  New-York^  for  his  eftedual 
Mediation  with  the  Governor  of  FimnU  in 
their  favour,  * 

The  Mohawks  by  themfelves,  and  the  o^r 
three  Nations  by  themfelves,  fpoke  to  the 
Governor  tftfewM,  much  to  the  fame 
purpofe  that  they  did  to  the  Governor  of  Fir 
fiia  fo  far  as  it  related  to  the  Affair  ofF^inia 
but  with  fome  particular  Marks  of  Perforiaf 
Nteem  <  for  he  had  won  their  Affe&ions  by 
his  former  carriage  towards  them.  And  th.4 
defired  the  Duke  ofXorkh  Arms  to  put" -on 
their  Caltles.  Which,  we  may  fupLfe  12 
Rrere  told,  would  fave  them  from  the  FrenthJ 

Coll.  Dongan  defired  them  to  call  home  thofe 

of 


6%  Mpry  of  $ke  five  .  Chap.  III.1 

of  their  Nations  that  had  fettled  in  Canada,  {q) 
To  which  they  anfwered,     *  Corlaer  keeps  a 

*  CorrefponJence  with  Canada  and  therefore 

*  he  can  prevail  more  than  we  can.    L<et  Corlaer 

*  ufe  his  endeavours  to .draw  our  Indians  home 
f  tp  their  own  Country,     And  gave  a  Be  ver . 

4t  the  fame  Time,  the  Government  of  the 
the  Majfachufets-Bay  had  appointed  Coll.  Ste* 
phanus  Cortlandt,  one  of  the  Council  of  hew* 
Torki  their  Agent,  to  Renew  their  Covenant 
with  the  Five  Nations,,  and  to  give  them  fome 
fmall  Prefents :  Which  was  accordingly 
done. 

The  Qovernor  of  Neu^Tor^  CoW-Donga^ 
concluded  all,  with  this  Advice  to  them,  Keep 
a  good  Vnderfiandwg  am<  ng  your  Selves  :  If  anj 
Difference  jhould  happen,  acquaint  mt  with  it,  ana 
I  will  cempofe  i(,     Make  no  Covenant  or  Agreemem 


wit 


i 


\q)  The  French  Priefts  had  (from  time  to  time)  per 
fwaded  feveral  of  the  Five  Nations  to  leave  their  own  Coun 
try,  and  to  fettle  near  Montreal,  where  the  French  are  ver 
indubious  in  encouraging  v  them.  Their  Numbers  hav 
been  like  wife  encreafed  by  the  Prifoners  the  Frendb  hav 
taken  in  War,  and  by  others  who  have  run  from  their  owi 
Country,  becaufe  of  fome  Mifchjef  that  they  had  done,  b 
Debts  which  they  ow'-d  to  the Chriftians.  Thefe  Indian 
all  profefs  Cbrifliamty,  and  therefore  are  commonly  call'- 
The  Praying  Indians  oy  their  .Country-men^  &nd  t\kf,  a* 
called  Caimuagdi  by  the  People  of  Albany* 


part  !•  Indian  Nations'.  (Jj 

'with  the  French,  or  any  other  Nation^  without  my 
Knowledge  or  Apfrob  uwn%  Then  he  gave  the 
Dukes  Arms,  to  be  put  upon  each  of  their4 
Gaftles,  in  hopes  it  might  deter  the  French 
fio:n  attacking  them  (as  they  were  threaten'd 
from  Canadd)  after  they  had  fo  manifestly  de- 
clared themfcives  to  be  under  the  Prote&ion 
of  the  Crown  of  England. 

Before  I  proceed  further  it  will  be  necefTary 
to  incert  a  Remarkable  Speech  made  by  the 
Onnendagas  and  Cayttgas,  to  the  two  Governors, 
on  the  ad  day  of  Anguft^  viz. 

Brother  Corlaer  j 

""^"Our  Sachem  is  a  great  Sachem,  and  We 
"  A  are  but  a  fmall  People.  But  when  the 
"  Engtijli  came firft  to  Manhatanb  (r)  Aragiske^ 
"(O  and  to  Yakpkranagarj)  (t)  they  were 
"then  but  a  Small  People*. and  we  Great* 
*'  Then,  becaule  we  found  you  a  good  People, 
Ci  we  treated  you  civilly,  and  gave  you  Land* 
K  We  hope  therefore,  now  that  you  are  Great 
"  and  we  Small,  you  will  prote£t  us  from  the 
H  French.  If  you  do  not,  we  fhall  loofe  all 
u  our  Hunting,  and  our  Bevers.     The  French 

"will 


(r)  New-York.       (f)  Virginia.       (t)   Marytan^ 


64  Miftory  <f  the  pe  Oiap.  Ill; 

H  will  get  all  the  Bever.  They  are  now  angry 
"  with  us,  becaufe  we  carry  our  Bevcr  to  ouif 
"  Brgthrm. 

, tt  We  have  put  dur  Lands  arid  oilr  Selves 
u  under  the  Protection  of  the  great  Duke  sf 
46  Totkj  the  Brother  of  your  great  Saehem,who 
H  if  like  wife  a  great  Slehem. 

u  We  have  given  the  SmpjHehma  rRivtri 
u  which  We  wop  with  the  Sword,  to  this 
u  Government,  and  we  defire  that  it  may  bd 
*c  a  Branch  of  the  gfeat  Tree  that  grows  in 
<6  this  Placed  the  top  of  which  reaches  the 
u  Sun,  and  its  Branches  Shelter  us  from  the* 
"  French^  and  all  other  Nations.  .  Our  Fire 
*  burns  in  your  Houfes,  and  your  Fire  burns 
44  with  us.  We  defire  that  it  may  always  be 
"  fo.  t 

u  We  will  not  that  any  of  the  great  Penn*s 
u  People  fettle  upon  the  Snfquebana  River  j  for 
*c  we  have  no  other  Land  to  leave  to  our  Chil- 
"dren. 

,  "  Our  ydung.  People  are  Soldiers,  and  whetl 
^ -they  are  diibbliged  they  are  like  Wolves  id 
ct-thc  Woods,  as  you  Sachem  of  Vir^nU  very 
u  well  know* 

"  We  have  put  tfur  Selves  under  the  great 
H  Sachem  Charltss  that  lives  on  thi  other  fide' 
u  of  the  great  Lake*  We  give  you  thefe  two 
u  White  "dreft  Deer-Skins  co  be  fent  to  the 
66  great  Sachem,  that  he  may  write  on  them, 

^  and 


Part  I.  tniiah  fratim]  6$ 

H  and  put  a  great  Red  Seal,  to  thereto  Con  firm, 

u  what  We  now  do^  and*  put  the  Sufquehan* 
r  River  above  the  Wafithia  (u)  and  all  the  reft 
w  of  our  Land  under  the  Great  Duke  of  Tor^9 
€c  and  give  that  Land  to  no  body  elfe.  Our 
u  Brethren,  his  People.*  have  been  like  Fathers 
tc  to  oiir  Wives  and  Children,  and  have  given 
66  us  Bread,  when  we  were  in  need  of  it : 
cc  We  will  not  therefore  joyh  our  felves  or 
66  our  Lands  to  any  Other  Government  but 
H  this.  We  defire  Colacr±  our  Governor* 
K  niay  fend  over  this  Prdpdfition  to  the  great 
tc  Sachem*  Charles,  who  dwells  on  the  other 
"  fide  thegreat  Lake*  with  this  Belt  of  Warn* 
6c  pum,  and  this  other  fmaller  Belt  to  the  Duke 
¥  of  Tori,  his  Brother ;  And  we  give  you, 
f  Corlaer,  this  Beaver*  to  fend  6ver  this  Pro* 
lt  polition. 

*'  You  great  Man  of  Virginia^  We  let  you 
u  know,  that  great  Penn  did  fpeak  to  us  here 
H  in  CorUers  Houie,  by  his  Agents^  and  de^ 
fired  to  buy  the  Sufcjuehana  River  of  us,  but 
fwe  would  not  hearken  t&  him  ;  for  fwe 
had  faftenM  it  to  this  Government.  We 
defire  ot  you  therefore,  that  you  would 
bpat^ Witnefs  of  what  we  now  do,  and  that 
now  Confirm  what  we  have  done  be* 


4% 


we 


fore. 


Let  your  Friend^ 
I 


the  great  Sachet^ 
"  that 


(  u  )    Th'e  rails, 


= 


6<>  Hi/for)  of  the  five  Chap,  lit; 

€t  that  lives  on  the  other  fide  the  great  Lake, 
a  know  thiSj  that  We  being  a  Free  People, 
*a  tho'  united  to  the^  EngUpt^  may  give  oui* 
6l  Lands,  and  be  joynM  to  the  Sachem  we  like 
u  belb  We  give  this  Bevef  to  Remember 
*'  what  we  fay. 

The  Senel^s  arrived  fo6n  after,  &rid  Oft  the 
5th  of  ^Anguft  fpoke  to  tny  Lord  Howard  in 
the  following  manlier. 

65  \I  \7'^  ^ave  ^ear^  artc^  t-inderftood  what 
«  V  V  Milchicf  hath  been  done  in  Vir* 
u  gwia.  We  have  it  as  perfect  "as  if  it  were 
&<;  uooil  our  Fiilsers  ends.  O  Corlaer  I  We 
"  Thank  ydu  far  having  beett  our  Interceflbr., 
c*  lb  that  the  Ax  hath  not  fallen  upon  Us.. 

"  And  you,  Ajjarigca,  great  Sachem  of  Vir- 

4*  gini.%  We  Thahk  you  for  burying  all  Evil 

u  in    the  Pit.      We  are  informed,   that  the 

"  Mohmvks>>  OneydoeS^  Onnmdagds  and  Cajugaes 

Ci  have  burled  the  Ax.  already  5    Now  we  that 

€6  live  the  fenloteft  off,  are  come  to  do. the 

C£  fame,  and  to  include  in  this  Chain  the  Cah* 

u  nawaas,.  your  'Friends,  who  live  amongft 

£6  you.  We  defife  therefofe^that  an  Ax,on  our 

*4  part,  may  be  buried  with  one  of  my  Lords, 

u  O  Coslaerl'  Corlaer!     We  Thank  you  for 

u  holdmgone  end  of  the  Ax  :  And  We  thank 

66  you,  great  Governor  of  Firginia9  not  only. 

,       -       '  "  for 


Part  I.  Indian  Nations*,   £  ?  <?/ 

*f  for  throwing  afide  the  Ax,  but  ■tnorc.efpc- 
"  cially  for  your  puting  all  Evil  from  your 
"  Heart.  Now  we  have  a  New  Cham,  a 
%  flrong  and  a  ftreight  Chain  that  cannot  be 
<6  broken.  The  Tree  of  Peace  is  planted  fo 
w  firmly  that  it  cannot  be  moved,  Let  us  oa 
^  both  fides  hold  the  Chain  fatt. 

"  We   undevftand  what  you  laid    of  the 

*  great  Sachem  that  lives  on  the  other,  fide 
*c  the  great  Water. 

"  You  tell  us,  that  the  Cahmwaas  will 
**  come  hither  to  ftrcngthen  the  Chain.  Let 
"  them  not  make  any  Excufe,  that  they  are 
"  Old  and  Feeble,  or  that  their  Feet  are  Sore. 
Cc  If  the  Old  Sachems  cannot,  let  the  Young 
P  Men,  come..  We  fhall  not  fail  to  come 
*c  hither,  tho*  we  live  the  fartheft  off,  and 
I*  then  the  New  Cham  will  be  ftronger  and 
*'  brighter, 

¥  We  underftand,  thatbecaufe  of .  theMifl 
cc  chief  which  has  been  done  to  the  People 
"  and*  Cattle  of  Virginia  and  Maryland,  we 
*'  mutt  nor  come  near  the  Heacjs  qf  your 
£  Rivers,  nor  near  your  Plantations,  but  keep 
"  at  the  foot  of  the  Mountains, ;  fox  thd0  we 

*  lay  down  our  Arms,  as  Friends,  we  fhall 
*'  not  betrufted  for  the  future,  but  loojk'd  on 
*c  as  jobbers,  We  agree,  however,  to  this 
"  Proportion,  and  fhall  wholly  ftay  aw%y 
jf  ixm^Vir^inia  i  4nd  this  we  4q  in  gratitude 


1 


6.(5 


wmm 


£8  Jliftwy   $  the  five        Chap.  Ill, 

'*  to  Ctrlaer,  who  has  been  at  fo  great  Pains 
*'  to  perfwade  you,  Great  Governor  of  Virginia, 

*  to  forget  what  is  paft.  We  commend  your 
**  Underftanding,  in  giving  ear  to  CorlaePs 
**  goodAdvice  ;  and  we  ihallgo  a  Path  which 
&  was  never  trod  before. 

**  We  have  now  done  fpeaking  to  Ccrlaer, 
*'  and  t^eGovernor  o$  Virginia.  Let  theChaii} 
•I  be  forever  kept  clean  apd  bright^  and  we 
**  lhall  do  the  fame* 

*  The  other  Nations,  from  the  M&ha^kj: 
**  Country  tQ  the  Cajugas,  have  delivered  up 
*c  the  Sufqmkma  River,   and  all  that  Country, 

*  to  Corlaerh  Government.  We  Confirrt*. 
"  what  they  have  done,  by  giving  this  Pelt, 
u  Ten  Bevers  are  at  the  Ohnondagas  Caftle  in 
c*  their  way  hither  ;  We  defigft  five  of  them 

*  for  Corlaer,  and  the  other  five  for  the  Sachet 
*j  of  Virginia* 

Coll.  Bird,  one  of  the  Council  of  Virginia, 
and Edmond  fanings,  Efqj  Attorney  General 
of  that  Province,  came  with  four  Indian 
Sachems,  (according  to  my  Lord  Howard's 
Promife)  to  Renew  and  Confirm  the  Peace, 
and  met  the  Five  Nations  at  Albany  in  Sift  ember  % 
1685. 

Coll.  Bird  accusM  them  of  having  again 
broke  their  Covenant,  by  taking  an  IndumGttl 

from 


Part  IJ  ,     Indian  Nation  f9  6$ 

from  an  Englipj  Mans  Houfe,  and  four  Indian 
JJoys  Pnfoners. 

They  excufed  this,  by  its  being  done  by  the 
Parties  that  were  out  when  the  Peace  was  con* 
eluded,  who  knew  nothing  of  it ,  Which 
Accidents  they  had  provided  againft  in  their 
Articles?  They  faidf  The  four  Boys  were 
given  to  the  Relations  of  thofe  Men  that  were 
loft,  and  it  would  be  very  difficult  to  obtain 
their  Reftoration.  But  they  promifed  to  de* 
liver  them  up. 

The  Sen?ka$  and  Mohawks  declared  them* 
felves  free  of  $ny  blame,  and  chid  the  other 
Kations, 

So  that  we  may  ftill  obferve  the  Influence 
which  the  French  Priefts  had  obtainM  over 
thofe  other  Nations,  and  to  what  Gkriftian-like 
Jpurpofes  they  us?d  it. 

The  Mohawks  Speaker  &id,  Where  fhall  I 
feek^  the  Chain  of  Peace  }  Where  Pall  J  find  it% 
hut  upon  Oht  Pmh  $  And  whither  doth  Our  Path 
lead  &s9  but  unto  this  Houfe  ?  This  is  &  Houfe  of 
Peace,  And  fang  all  the  Covenant  Chain  over, 
He  afterwards  fang  by  way  of  Admonition  to 
the  Onnondagas^  C&jugas  and  Oncydoes,  and  con*» 
eluded  (M  with  a  3ong  to  the  Virginia  Indians. 
But  I  fuppofe  our  Interpreters  were  not  Poets 
enough  to  Translate  the  Songs,  otherwife  I 
might  have  gratified  the  Reader  with  a  tafte 
I1&  Indian  Pwr). 

The 


fO  JJiftory  of  the  .five  Chap.  IIL 

The  French  Priefis  fhll  had  an  Influence  over 
the  Onnondagas^ Cayuga s  and  Onejdoes,  and  it 
was  eafie  for  them  to  ipirit-up  the  Indians,  (na- 
turally Revengeful)  againft  their  old  Enemies, 
This  occa(iqn?d  a  Party  of  the  Oneydoes  going 
out  two  years  afterwards  againft  the  Wayanoak 
Indians^  Friends  of  Ftrginia>  and  killing  fomq 
of  the  People  of  Firgmia,  who  affifted  thofc 
Indians.  They  took  iix  Pnfoners,  which  they 
reftored  at  J/hany,  with  an  E^cuie,  That  they 
did  not  know  that  they  were  Friends  of  Vix* 
ginia9  and  included  in  the  Chain  with  Virginia. 
Coll.  I)ongan9  on  this  Deration,  told  them, 
That  he  only  had  kept  all  the  Engltfi  in  North? 
America  from  joymng  together  to  Pdtroy 
them  ;  And  at  the  fame  time  thrcatned  them, 
That  if  ever  he  fhould  hear  of  the  like  Com- 
plaint, he  would  dig  up  the  Hatchet,  an<j 
pyn  with  the  reft  of  the  pnglijh  to  cut  them 
ofi^  J^aotand  Branch  ^  for  there  were  many 
Complaints  made  of  him  to  the  JCing  by  the 
f$j$H  as  weH  as  the  Governor  of  Camd^^  foX 
Jiis  favouring  of  them, 

Now  we  have  gone  thi on gh  the  Material 
Tranfaftions  which  the  Five  Nations  had  witfei 
the  EngUJh,  in  which  we  find  the  Englift  pur? 
fuing  nothing  but  Peaceable  and  Chxijiian  Mea+ 
fyns^  and,  the  Five  Nations  (tho5  Barbmms) 
living    like    good  Neighbours  and  fakhf^ 

Friejids^ 


Part  1.  Indian  Natidni,  yi 

Friends,  Except  when  they  were  influenced 
by  the  Arts  of  the  Jefuits  ;  Tho5  at  the  fama 
time  one  cannot  but  admire  the  Zeal,  Courage 
and  Refolution  of  theie  Jefuits,  that  woul.d 
adventure  to  live  among  Indians  at  War  with 
their  Nation;  and  the  better  to  carry  their 
Purpofes,  to  comply  with  all  the  Humors 
and  Manners  of  luch  a  WJd  People,  fo  as  not 
to  be  diftinguifhcd  by  ftrangers  from  nicer 
It/duns>Qnc  of  them,nainidiW/7^rcmain,d  with 
the  Oneydoes  till  after  the  year  1694.  he.  was 
advanced  to  the  degree  of  a  Sachem,  and  had 
fo  great  an  Influence  over  them5  that  the  other 
Nations  could  not  prevail  with  them  to  part 
with  him.  While  he  remained  with  them^ 
the  Oneydoes  were  frequently 'turn'd  againflb 
the  Somhcm  Indians  ( Friends  of  the  Engtim 
Southern  Colonies)  and  were  always  waver- 
ing in  their  Refolutions  againft  Canada. 

We  fhall  now  Return  to  fee  wThat  efi&6t  the 
trench  Policy  had,  \tfho  pUrfued  .very  different 
Meafures  from  the  jBfeg'" 


:A 


CHA£ 


"'■ 


7* 


titftory  of  thept  Chap.  XV. 


GH  A  P.  IV. 

Mr.  Ocla  Barrel  Expedition^  and  feme  Remark* 
able  Tranfatlions  in  1684. 

THe  French  in  the  Time  they  were  at  Peace 
with  the  Fpve  Nations,  built  their  ForC 
at  Teiodondoraghi  or  Mtjilimakmak^  and  made  a 
Settlement  there,  They  earned  their  Com- 
merce among  the  Numerous  Nations  that  live 
on  the  Banks  of  the  great  Lakes,  and  the 
Banks  of  the  Mfflfi*  They  not  only  pro- 
fecuted  their  Trade  among  thefe  Nations,  but 
did  all  they  could  to  fecure  their  Obedience, 
and  to  make  them  abfolutely.  fubjed  to  the 
Crown  of  France,  by  building  Forts  at  the  con- 
fidef able  Fades,  and  placing  fmali  Garnfons 
in  them.  They  took  ail  the  Precautions  m 
their  Power*  not  only  to  feftrain  the  Indians 
by  Force,  but  likewife  to  gain  their  Affe&ions, 
by  fending  Mifflonarics  among  them.  The 
only  Obltru&ion  they  met  with,  was  from 
the  Fkuf  Nations,  who  introduced  the  Englifh 
of  NewJCork,  into  the  Lakes,  to  Trade  With 
the  Indbw  that  liv5d  round  them.  This  gave 
the  French  much  uneafinefs,  beeaufe  they 
fore-fa  w.  that  the  Englifh ■■  would  not  onty  prove 
dangerous  Rivals,  but  that  the  Advantages 
0  which 


Parti.  Indian  Nation  f.  75 

•which  they  enjoy'd  in  Trade,  beyond  what , 
it  was  poflible  for  the  Inhabitants  of  Canada 
to  have,  would  enable  the  People  of  New-Tor!^ 
fo  far  to  under-fell  them,  that  their  Trade 
would  Toon  be  Ruin'd,  and  all  the  Intcreft 
loft  which  they  had  gainM  with  fo  much 
Labour  and  Expence.  The  Five  Nations  like- 
wife  continued  in  War  with  many  of  the 
Nations,  the  Chictaghiks  particularly,  who 
yielded  the  molt  Profitable  Trade  to  the 
French  •  and  as  often  as  they  difcover'd  any  of 
the  French  carrying  Ammunition  towards  thefe 
Nations,  they  fell  upon  them,  and  took  all > 
their  Powder,  Lead  and  Arms  from  them. 
This  made  the  trench  Traders  afraid  of  travel- 
ing, and  prevented  their  Indians  from  hunting, 
and  leffen'd  the  Opinion  they  had  of  the  French 
Fewer ^  when  they  found  that  the  French  were 
not  able  to  protect  them  againft  the  Infults  of' 
the  Five  Nations. 

The  Sennekas  lie  next  to  the  Lakes,  and 
ncareft  to  the  Nations  with  whom  the  French 
Traded,  and  were  fo  averfe  to  the  French  Na- 
tion, that  they  never  wo^ld  receive  any  Priefir 
among  them,  and  of  confequence  were  molt 
firmly  attached,  to  the  Englifh  Intereft,  who,, 
fupplyed  them  with  Arms  and  Powder*  (the 
meatus,  to  be  Revenged  -  of  their  Enemies.) 
For  "thje-fe  Reaibiu  Mr-  De  U  B^rre  (thejGo- 
yernorof  Canada)  fent  a  Mcflenger  to  Cbll.. 


^4  Htftvy  4  %  jwf  Chap.  IVJ 

Dongan,  to  complain  of  the  Injuries  the  Sennets 
Bad  done  to  the  French,  and  to  {how  the  nece£ 
fity  he  was  under  to  bring  the  Five  Nations  to 
ReafonbyForceof  Arms;  which  Meflenger 
Happening  to  arrive  at  the  Time  the  Indians  met 
my  Lord  Howard  at  Albany,  Coll.  Dongan  told 
the  Sennekas  of  the  Complaints  ttiat.  the  French 
Governor  made  of  them.  They  gave  him 
the  following  Anfwer,  in  Prcfence  of  Mr. 
X)e  la  Rarreh  MeffengeiV  oft  the  5th  of  dvgujt^ 
i6§4»  '*'*  ''  * 

"  WE  were  fent  for,  and  are  come,  and 
"  have  heard  what  you  have  faid  to  us,  That 
x  Corlaer  hath  great  Complaints  of  us,  both 
ivonxFirginia and  Canada.  What  they  com-5 
plain  of  iromCanadd,  may  pofFibly  be  true,' 
that  dur  young  People  have  taken  feme  of 
u  their  Goods;  but  Tonmndm  is  theeaufeof 
cc  it.  He  not  only  permits  his  People  to 
€i  carry  Ammunition,  Guns,  Powder,  Lead  6c 
€C  Axes  to thoTmhtuihronoQn  (x)  ourEnemys 
c<  but  fends  them  thither  on  purpofe*  Thefe 
€C  Guns  which  he  fends  knock  our  Rever- 
f  hunters  on  the  head,  aiid  our  Enemies  carry 

"  thd 


cc 


<J6 


(x)  Roneon  fignifies  Nation  or  People,  in  the  Language 
©f  the  Five  Nativns,  they  lay  Twihtwih-rtmQW)  Cbiftag- 
hik-ronoon^  BedoMndadik-roncon,  &c. 


Part  ti  Indian  Nation*.  7|» 

65  the  JtJevers  to  Canada,  that  we  would  have 
**  brought    to   our    Brethren.     Our  Bever* 

8  hunters  are  Soldiers,  and  could  bear  this  no 
"  longer.  ;  They  met  \Hth  fdme  'French  m 
ft  their  way  to  our  Enemies,  and  very  near 
"  them,  carrying  Ammunition^  which  our 
ft  Men  took  from  them.  This  is  agreeable 
6i  to  our  Guftoms  of  War,  and  we  may  there- 
ft  fore  openly,  own  it|  tho3  we^know  not 
ft  whether  it  be  pra&ifed  by  the  Cbrifiimi  irk 
€C  fuch  like  cafes, 

,  '*  When  the  Governor  of  Canada  fpeaks  to 
ft  us  of  the  Chain,  he  calls  lis  Children,  and 
ft.  faith,  1  am  jour  Fathtr,  ym  mujl  hold  j%? 
ft  the  Chain%  and  Iti/ill  do  the  f<wie>  I  will 
ft  Protect /ym  as  a  FatBr  doth  his  Children.  Is 
"this  Protedion,  to  fpeak  thus  with  his 
ft  Lips,  arid  at  the -fame  time  to  knock  m  ori 
ft  the  head,  by  affiftirig  oilr  Enemies  With 
u  Ammunition  ?  / 

t    ft  He  always  ^ftysj,    7  dm  your  Father  I   and 
ft  joh  are  ;  my   Children,    and  yet  he  is  angry 
5  with  His  Childrea  for  taking,  >t  he  fe  goods* 
3But,  OCorlaer!  O  Afarigoa  !    We  ill  lift  ,Com» 
r  plain  to  yoii.  4  You,    Cortier,  are  a  Lord9 
|*  and  Governs  this  Country  ;   Is  it  juft  that 
p  our  Father  is  going  td  fight  with  us  for 
ft  thefe  things,  or  is  It  well  done  ?  We  rejoyced 
I  when  La  Sal  was  ferit  over  the  great  Water, 
ft  and  when  Pmt  was  removed^  becaufe  tbejr 
Us.  .  c§  kd 


'*$■  '  jffiffory  %of  tie  five  Chip.  I$V 

*  Md  furnifhed  our  Enemies  with  Ammuni*- 
"  tion  j  but  we  arc  difapointed  in  our  hopes  \ 
~c  for  we  find  that  our  Enemies  are  ftill 
u  fuppiied.  Is  this  well  done  ?  Yea,  he  often 
*4  forbids  us  to  make  War  on  any  of  the 
66  Nations  with  whom  he  Trades,  and  at  the 
u  fame  time  furnifhes  them  with  all  forts  of 

Ammunition,  to  enable  them  to  deftroy 
us. 

CQ  Thus  far  in  Anfwer  to  the  Complaints 
which  the  Governor  of  Canada  hath  made  of 
Us  to  Corlaer.  Corker  faid  to  us,  that 
Satisfaction  muft'be  made  to  the  French  fo£ 
the  Mifchief'.we  have  done  them.  This 
he  faid  before  he  heard  our  Anfwer.  Now- 
let  him  that  hath  Infpe&ion  over,  all 
our-  Countries,  on  whom  our  Eyes'  are 
fix'd„let  him,  ey'n.  CorUer  judge  and  de- 
termine.    If  you   lay  it  rauit  be.  paid,  we 

"  fhall   pay  it,  but  we  cannot  live  without 

u  free  Bcver-hunting.- 

46  Curiae  ^  Hear  what  we  fay.    We  Thank 

?  you  for  the. Dukes  Arms.whieh  you  have 

*  ,  given  us  to  be  put  on  oiir  Cafties,  as  a  De~ 
cc  fence  to  them.-  You  command  them.  Have 
%  we  wander'd  out  of  the  way*  a?  the  Go*.. 
u  .-verndr  of  Canada  lays.  We' do  not  threaten 
5  him  wich  War,  as  lie  threatens  us.  What 
^  fhall  we  do  ?  •  Shall  we  run  away,  or  fhall 
**  wefitftillinourHoufcs?     What  fhall  we 

*  dor 


— 


jj?ait  to  Indian  Nations!  jy> 

u  do?  We  fpeak  to  him  that  Governs  and 
<c  Commands  us. 

"  Now  Corlaer  and  AJfarigod^  and  all  People 
*c  here  preient,  Remember  what  we  have 
"  anfwered  to  the  Complaints  of  the  Gover- 
"  nor  of  Canada  -y  Yea,  let  what  we  fay  come 
*c  to  his  Ears."  Then  they  gave  a  Belt,  and 
laid,  there  was  five  Beyers  at  Onondaga  for  the 
Governor. 

Monf.  he  la  Bane  at  this  time  was  gone 
with  all  the  Force  of  Canada  to  Cddaraekui 
Fort,  and  prder'd  the  three  Vefiels  to  be  repair- 
ed, which  the  French  had  built  on  that  Lake, 
His  defign  was  to  frighten  the  Five  Nations,  into 
his  own  Terms  by  the  Appearance  of  fo  great 
an  Army,  which  conlifted  of  600  Soldiers, 
400  Indians,  and  400  Men  that  carried  Previa 
fions, .  befides  300  Men  that  he  left  to  fecure 
Cadarackui  Fort.  But  'while  he  was  at  this 
Fort,  the  Fatigue  of  Traveling  in  the  Month 
of  Auguft  together  with  the  Unhealthinels  of 
that  place  .  (the '  Country  thereabout  being 
very.  Marfliy)  .  where  he  tarryed  fix  weeks, 
occasioned  fo  great  a  Siknefs  in  his  Army,  that 
he  found  himfelf  unable  to  Perform  any 
thing,  but  /by  TwStyj  and  therefore  lent 
Orders  to  Monf  OnlhuiL  who  was  come  from 
Jkfijfiiimalgnal^w  Jqo  men  French  and  fadiaiis^ 
to  flop.     He  r  Crbfs  the  Lake  with  as 

to  Travel,  and  arrived 
as 


many  men  as 


= 


y%  ytiftory  of  ibvfivt  Chap.  W. 

at  the  River  which  the  French  call  La  taming 

^nd  by  the  Indians  calPd  Kaibahage,  which  runs 
from  the  Ohhbridagk  arid  Oneydo  Country's,  and 
falls  into  C&darac%m  Lakes.  There  were  two 
Villages  of  the  Five  Nations  on  the  North  fide 
of  the  Lake,  about  five  .or  fix  Leagues  from 
the  French  Fort,  confiding  of  thofe  Indians  that 
had  the  mod  Inclination  to  the  French  :  They 
provided  the  French  Army  with  Proyifibnsi 
while  they  reiiiain'd  at  the  Fort ;  but  it  is 
probable,  ferit  ail  account  to  their  own  Nations 
'of  every  thing  that  happened,  which  was  thfc 
iteafon  of  the  Ufage  they  afterwards  met 
Vith  from  .the  French, 

,  When  Mr.  Be  %a  BarfeJ'cnt  to  Coll.  Dongan\ 
he  was  iti  hopes,  from  the  ftrifit  Alliance  that 
was  then  betweeiithe  Crowns  of  England  and 
iFrance^  and  from  Coll.  Dongan\  being  a  Papijh9 
that  he  would  fit  (till  till  he  had  reduced  the 
five  Nktions.  Slit  hone  of  theie  Reaforis  per* 
knitted  that  Gentleman  to  be  eafie  while  the 
trench  attempted  fuch  things,  as  in  their  con« 
feqiience  would  Be  to  the  higheft  degree  Pre« 
Judicial  to  the  Englijh  Interiftjk  put  all  the  'Engi 
%m  Colonies  in  America  in  danger.  Wherefore 
ie  diipatchM  the  Publick  Interpreter,  with 
Orders  to  do  every  thing  in  his  Power  to  pre^ 
Vain  the  Five  Nations  going  to  Treat  with  Mr. 
%h  U  Bdrre\ 

The  Interpreter  fticceeded  In   hh  Defigri 

witti 


Bart  I.  Indian  Nations.  -        y£ 

with  the  Mohawks,  and  with  the  Semekas,  who 
promis5d  that  they  would  not  go  near  the 
French  Governor.  But  he  had  not  the  like 
Succefs  with  the  Onnwdagas%  Qncydoes  and 
Cayuga  who  had  rcceivM  the  French  Friefts. 
For  they  would  not  hear  the  Interpreter,  but 
in.  Prefence  of  the  French  JPric/f%  and  of  Mr/ 
Le  Maine,  whom  the  Indians  call  Qhqueffe  (y) 
and  three  other  Bench  Men%  that  "Mr.  De  U 
Barre  had  fent  to  perfwade  them  to  meet  him 
at  Kaihohage,  ten  Leagues  from  the  Onmndam 
paftle.  They  gave  the  following  Anfwer  to 
the  Interpreter.  K  f    -    *• 

'Arie9  Yoy  are  £orUer\  MelFenger  %  Ohptef* 

*  is  the  Governor  of  Canada**  ;  and  there  fits 
"  our  Father  ( z. )  Tmnondio  acquainted  us 
"  fome  time  ago,  tktt  he  would  ipeak  with 
!?  us  before  he  would  undertake  anv  thing 
%  agz'mft  the  Sennakas.  Now  he  hathTentfor 
"  all  the  Nations  to  fpeak  with  him  in  Friend-' 
;'  ihip,  and  that  ataPlaeenpt  far  from  Onnon- 
|  daga,  ev'-ri  at  Kaihohage.  But  our  Brother 
"  CW<w  tells  us,  That  we  muft  not  meet  the 
%  Governor5  of  Canada  without  his  Permit 
"  fionj   and  that  if  Tonmndio  have  any  thing 

*  to  fay  to  us,  he  muft  firft  fend  to  Corlaer  for; 
;c  leave  to  fpeak  with  us.  Ymnondio  has  lent 
1  long  ago  to  us  to  ipeak  withhim,  and  he  has 

"  lately* 


W.  Th*is,  tke  Partridge^    (*)  Pointing  to  tHc  Jcfiiit. 


= 


SSBB 


8fc  Biftory  of  the  five  Chap. .IV: 

#  lately  repeated  that  Defire,  by  Qnmjfantie* 
a  the  Brother  of  our  Father  Twirhaerjira,  that 
**  fits  there.  He  has  not  only  intreated  us  by 
^  our  Father,  but  by  two  Prayinglndians,  one 
u  an  Onwndxga,  the  other  the  Son  of  an  Old 
6C  'Mohawk.  Sachem  ,  Connmdowe.  They 
«c  .brought  five  great  Belts  of  Wampum,  not 
$  a  Fathom  or  two  only,  as  you  bring.  Now 
*%  Ohquejfeh&s  been  fent  with  three  French-men  : 
*1  Tomondio  not  content  with  all  this,  has  like-,. 
"  wife  fent  Dmmhoot,  and  two  other  Mohawk* 
<s  to  perfwade  us  to*  meet  him,  and  to  fpeak 
<s  with  him  of  good  Things.  Should  we  not. 
*\  go  to  him,  after  all  this  Entreaty,  when  Tie 
*f  is  come  fa  far,  and  fo  near  to  us,  certainly" 
CG  if  we  did  not  a  we  fhould  provoke  his 
*1  Wrath,  and  not  defervethi^Goodnefs.  You 
ax  fay  we  are  Subjects  to  the  King  of  England- 
«  and  Duke  of  Tor^  but  we  fay,  we  are  Bre- 
u  thren.     We  rim  ft  take  care  of  our  felves. 

*  Thofe  Arms  fixed  upon  the  Poft  without 
a.  the  Gate,  cannot  defend  us  againft-  the  Arms 
^'  of  La  Barre. 

u  Brother  Corlaer,  We  tell  you,  That- we-. 
u  {hall  bind  a  Covenant  Chain  to  our  Arm, 
a  and  to  his,  as  tiuck/as  that  Poft  {Pointing  to- 
$  Poft  of  the  Hottfey  "  Be  not  difiatisfi'd  }  fliould 
<$  we  not  imbrace  this  Happinefs  offered  to 
^  us,  viz..  Peace,  in  the  plaee  of  War  ;  yea, 
€<  we  fhall  take  the  EviUloers,  the  Swnehas  by 
-  -    -~J  -  -  ;  •  «  the 


Part   t  Indian  Nations'.  f$x 

"  the  hand,andl»^^wlikcwife,and  their  ax 
"  and  his  Sword  fhall  be  thrown  into  a  deep 
"  Water.  We  wifh  our  Brother  Corlaer 
"  were  prefent,  but  it  feems  the  time  will  not 
<c  permit  of  it. 

Accordingly  Garangtd^  one  of  the  chief 
Sachems  of  the  Onnondagas,  with  thirty  War- 
riors, \frent  with  Mr.  Le  Mune  to  meet  the 
Governor  of  Canada  at  Kaihohage.  After  he 
had  remained  two  Days  in  the  French  Camp 
Mr.  La  Barre  fpdk'e  to  him,  as  follows,  (the 
French  Officers  making  a  Semi-circle  on  one 
fide  while  Garangttla,  with  his  Warriors*  com- 
pleated  the  Circle  on  the  other.  ) 

(b)  Monf.  De  La  Barrel  Speech  U  GaranguHJ 

■"  T He  King,  my  Mafter,  being  inform'd 
«<  A  that  the  Five  Nation*  haVe  oftea  infringed 
u  the  Peace,  has  ordered  me  to  come  hither 
"■  with  a  Guards  and  to  fend  Qhqueffe  to  the 
k  Onnondgas  to  Bring  the  chief  Sachems  t® 
«  my  Camp.  The  Intention  of  the  great 
U  Kins  m  that  you  and  I  may  fmoke  the 
h  U  6S  Calumet 


\ 


[b)  Voyagcs^uBaroadekHoatanj  Tori&x*  Uttrsf* 


M  Uifter}  of  the  fiv&  fihap.  lV 

kt  Calumet  ( c )  of  Peace  together,  but  ox 
u  this  Condition,  that  you  Promife  me,  Ir 
u  the  Name  of  the  Senmka$r  Cajugas^  6n> 
:u  nondagaf,  Oneydoes  aad  Moharvkt,  to  give 
"  entire  Satisfa&ioh  and  Reparation  to  hi: 
\u  Subjedfes,  and  for  the  future  never  to  molell 
•  **  them6 

"  The  SeAhekgSi  Cajtigas^  Ormondagas,Onef* 
€S  does  and  Mbhdwks  have  RobM' and  Abvds^c 
u  all  the  Traders  that  were  palling  to  ward  s 
u  the  Illinois  arid  Vmaffiks^  and  bther  /**;/*** 
"  Nations,  the  Children  of  my  King.  The) 
"  have  aded,  on  thefe  occafidns,  contrary  tc 
"  the  Treaty  of  Peace,  with  my  Predecefibr 
u  I  am  ordcrM  therefore  to  demand  Satisfa- 
u  £tioii,  and  to  tell  them,  That  in  cafe  of 
'*"  of  Refufal,  or  their  Plundering  us  any 
/**  more,  that  I  have  exprefs  Orders  tc J  declare 
f  War..    This  Belt  Confirms    mj  Words. 

The 


■\X~£)  The  Calumet  is  a  large  Smoking  Pipe,  made  of  Mar- 
We,  moft-commonlyof  a  dark  Red,  well  polished,  shaped 
■ibme-whae  in  the  form  of  a  Hatchet,  and  adorned  with 
large  Feathers  of  feveral  Colours*  It  is  ufed  in  all  the  Indian 
Treatyes  with  Strangers,  -as  a  Hag  of  iFruce  between  Con- 
tending Pattys,  which  all  the  Indians  think  a  very  high 
Crime  to  violate.  Thefe  Calumets  are  generally  of  nice 
Workmanship,  and  were  in  ufe  before  the  Indians  knew 
anything  of 'the  Cbriflians 3  for  which  Reafon  we  are  at  a 
lo'is  to  conceive  by  what  means  they  pierced  thefe  Pipes  anil 
shaped  thera  (o  Jfcnely,  before  shsy  mdshe  ufe  ©f  Iron, 


Part  I.  Indian  Nations]  §5; 

^  The  Warriprs  of  the  Five  Natimt  have 
u  condufted  the  Englifk  into  the  Lakes,  which 
"  belong  to  the  King,  my  Matter,  apd  brought 
"  the  Englifa  among  the  Nations  that  are  his 
"  Children,  to  deftroy  the  Trade  pf  his  Sub-> 
^  jefts,  and  to  with  dr^w  ihofe  Nations  from, 
€€  him.  They  have  carried  the  Engtifo  tHitherj 

*  npt^vithftanding  the  Prohibition  of  the  late 
"  Governor  of  New-Tor^  who  fore-faw  the 
c*  -Rifquc  that  both  they  ^nd  you  would  run. 
"  I  am  willing  to  forget  thefe  things,  but  if 

*  ever  the  like  ftiajl  happeq  for  the  future,  I 
4C  have  exprefs  Orders  to  declare  War  againft 
c!  you*     This  Belt  Confirms'  my  Words. 

"  Your  Warriors  have  made  feveral  Bar-* 
€C  barous  Incurfio.ns  on  the  Ilinois  and  Vmamm* 
V  They  haye  Maflacreed  Men,  Women  and 
"  Children,  and  have  made  many  of  thefe 
"  two  Nations  Prifoners,  who  thought  them* 
<c  felves  fafe  in  their  Villages,  in  time  of  Peaces 
"  Thefe  People,  who  are  my  Kings  Children, 
:c  mutt  not  be  your  Slaves,  you  mutt  give 
¥  them  their  Liberty,  and  fend  them  back 
4C  into  their  own  Country.  If  the  Five  Mi-, 
£  nans  f^iall  reflife  to  do  this,  I  have  exprefs, 
f  Orders  tp  declare  War  againft  them,  This 
*f  Belt  Confirms  my  Words.. 

"  This  is  what  I  had  to  fay  £o  Gamngula,  tha£ 
he  may  carry  to  the  Sennekas9  Cayttgas,  On- 
nondagass  Qneydoes  and  Mfh/i^ks  the  Deck- 
le %  ¥  ration 


u 


= 


SBSS 


If- 


S4  Mifmy   of  the  five         Chap,  IV.  ! 

**  ration  which  the  King3  my  Mafter,  has 
"  commanded  me  to  make.  He  doth  not 
*t  wiftt  tlietn  to  force  him  to  fend  a  great  Army 
46  to  Cajarackui  Fort,  to  begin  a  War,  which 
*  muft  he  fatal  to  them.  He  would  be  forry 
ci  that  this  Fort,  which  was  the  Work  of 
«*  Peace,  fhould  become  the  Prifon  of  your 
*6  Warriors.  We  muft  endeavour,on  both  fides, 
*c  to  prevent  fuch  Misfortunes,     The  French,, 

V  who  are  the  Brethren  and  Friends  of  the 
<4>  Five  Nations,  will  never  trouble  their  repofea 
"  Provided  that  the  Satisfaction  which  I  de- 
$  mand,  be  given,  and  that  the  Treatyes  of 
**  Peace  be  hereafter  ohferved.  I  fhall  be 
*'  extreamly  grieved  if  my  words  do  not  pro- 

V  duce  the  Effect  which  I  expect  from  them  ; 
?  for  then  I  {hall  be  obliged  to  joyn  witl\ 
m  the  Governor  of  New-Tori^,  who  is 
f  Commanded  by  his  Mafter  to  aflift  me,  and 
?  bi^rn  the  Caftles  of  the  five  Nations,  and 
"  deft  roy  you .     Thist  Belt  Confirm*,  mj  VI  ords-. 

GaranguU  was  very  much  furprized  tq  find 
the  foft  words  of  the  fefuit,  and  of  the 
Go^fmors  Meflengers,  turn5d  to  furh 
threatning  Language.  They  were  defigned 
to  ftrikeTerror  into  the  Indians.  But  GaranguU 
having  had  good  Information,  from  thole  of 
the  Five  Nations  living  near  Cadaraehui  Fort, 
e£  all  the   Sieknds  ^nd  ether  Misfortunes 

which 


esse 


Part  I. 


Indian  Nations. 


$s 


which  attended  t^e  French  Army,  they  were 
far  from  producing  the  defigned  Effeflr.  All 
the  time  that  Moni.  De fo  Barre  fpoke,  Garangula 
kept  his  Eyes  fixed  upon  the  end  of  his  Pipe. 
And  as  ioon  as  the  Governor  had  done  fpeak- 
ing,  he  rofe  up?  and  having  walked  five  or 
£x  times  round  the  Circle,  he  returned  to 
his  place,  where  he  fpoke  Handing,  while 
Monf.  Dt/aE^rre  kept  his  Elbow  Chain  and 
faid, 

Garangulalr  Anfiver.  ' 
a  ytfrOmondio,  I  Honour  you,  and  the 
"  4-  Warriors  that  are  with  me  all  like  wife 
"  honour  you.  Your  Interpreter  has  finifhed 
?  your  Speech  •  I  now  begin  mine.  My 
"  words  make  hafte  ta  reach  your  Eears2 
ft  hearken  to  them. 

*  Tonnondio,  You  muft  have  believed  when 
<c  you  left  Quebec^,  that  the  Sun  had  burnt  up 
*c  all  the  Forefts  which  render  our  Country 
*'•  Unacccffiblc  to  the  French^  Or  that  the 
•'  Lakes  had  fo  far  overflown  their  Banks^ 
V  that  they  had  furrounded  our  Caftles,  and 
*v  that  it  was  impoffible  for  us  to  get  out  of 
66  them.  Yes,  TomwrJaQ,  furely  you  muft  have 
f*  thought  fo,  and  the  Curiofity  of  feeing  fa 
*§  great  "a  Country  burnt  up,  or  under  Water, 
cc  has  brought  you  fo  far.  Now  you  are 
£  undeceived*  fince  tha.t  I  and  my  Warriors 


= 


u 


Hiftory  of  the  five 


Chap.  IV 


Qi  are  come  to  allure  you  that  the  Semiekas9 

u  Cayugas^  Qnnondagas,  Qneydoes  and  Mohawki 

€i  ixz  all  alive.     I  thank  you,  in  their  Name, 

Ci  for  bringing  back  into  their  Country  the 

*6  Calumet  which  your  Predeceflbr  received 

"  from  their  hands.     It  was  happy  for  you 

"  that  you  left  under  ground  that  Murdering 

"  Hatchet  which  has  been  lo  often  dyed  m 

"  the  Blocd  of  the  French.     Hear  Twnondio^ 

I1  I  do  not  Sleep,  I  have  my  eyes  Open,  and 

■c  the  Sun  which  enlightens  me  difcovers  to. 

*c  me  a  great  Captain  at  the  head  of  a  Com- 

iC  pany  of  Soldiers,  who  fpeaks  as  if  he  were 

"  Dreaming.     He  fays  that  he  only  came  to 

"  the  Lake  to  fmoke  on  the  great  Calumet 

€fi  with  the  Onnondagas.      But  Garangula  lays, 

"  that  he  fees  the  Contrary,  that  it  was  to 

"  knock  them  on  the  head,  if  Sicknefs  had 

*5  not  weakned  the  Arms  of  the  frenck. 

"  1  fee  Tonnondie  Raving  in  a  Gamp  of 
C£"  fick  men,  who's  Lit es  the  great  Spirit  has 
*c  favedf  by  Inflicting  this  Sicknefs  on  them. 
"  Hear  Ymmmdio^  Our  Women  had  taken 
*  their  Clubs*  our  Children  and  Qld  Men 
**  had  carried  their  Bows  and  Arrows  into. 
c'  the  heart  of  your  Camp,  if  pur  Warriors 
":  had  not  difarmed  them,  and  retaiaed  chem 
J  when  your  Meffenger,  OhqxcJJe  appeared 
g  iaourCtftl^  It  is  dcne3  and  I  have  laid  it. 


Hear3 


SSSS5 


Part  I.  Indian  Nations.  8/ 

"  Hear  Tonnondio,  we  plundered  none  of 
"  the  French,  but  thofe  that  carried  Guns, 
"  Powder  and  Ball  to  the  T%vihties  and  Chic* 
u  taghicks}  becaufe  thofe  Arms  might  have 
sc  colt  us  our  Lives.  Herdn  we  follow  the 
"  example  of  the  Jefuits,  who  ftave  all  the 
"  Barrels  cf  Rum  brought  to  our  Caftle, 
*'-  left  the  Drunken  Indians  fhould  knock  them 
"  on  the  Head.  Our  Warriors  have  not 
u  Bevers  enough  to  pay  for  all  thefe.Arms 
**  that  'thfey  have  taken,  and  our  Old  Men  are 
"  not  afraid  of  the  War.  This  Belt  pre* 
a  ferves  my  words: 

"  We  carried  the  Engliflj  intfS  our  Lakes,  to 
"  traffick  there  with  the  Vtawaivas  and 
"  Qntoghies,  as  the  Adirondack*  brought  th« 
u  French  to  our  Caftles$  to  carry  on  a  Trade 
"  which  the  Engl  i fa  fay  is  theirs.  We  arc 
"  born  free,We  neither  depend  upon  Tonnondio 
"  nor  Corlaer. 

"  We  may  go  where  we  pkafe,  and  carry 
"  with  us  whom  we  pleafe,  and  buy  and 
"  fell  what  we  pleafe.  If  your  Allies  be  your 
u  Slaves,  ufe  them  as  fuch,  Command  thern 
<c  to  receive  no  other  but  your  People.  This 
^  Belt  Freferves  my  Words. 

"  We  knefekt  the  Tivihtwies  and  Chictaghihs 
"  on  the  head,  becaufe  tfyey  had  cut  down  the 
"  Trees  of  Peace,  which  were  the  Limits  of 
*,  wu:  Country,    They  hare  huated  Bevers 


83  Hifttrf  of  the  five"  Chap.  IV. 

16  on  our  Lands  :  They  have  a&ed  contrary 
"  to  the  Cuftbm  of  all  Indians  ;  for  they  left 
w  none "of  the  Bevers  alive,  they  kiil'd  both 
"  Male  and  Female.  They  brought  the  Sa- 
«■  tanas  (  A )  inter  their  Country,  to  take  part 
"  with  them,  and  Arm'd  them,  after  they  had 
«'  concerted  ill  Defigns  againft  us.  We  have 
"  done  lefs  than  either  the  Englift  or  French, 
"  that  have  ulhrp'd  the  Lands  of  fo  many 
«  Indian  Nations*  and  chafed  them  from  their 
"  own    Country.        This    Belt   Frejerves    my 

*  Words.  -  .    r     .      .      _,   . 
"  Hear  Tanrndioi  What  I  fay  is  the  Voice 

«  of  all  the  Ftve  Nationn  Hear  what  they 
M  Anfvver,  Open  your  Ears  to  what  they 
«  Speak  The  Smneka^  Cayugds,  Onnondagasi, 
*'■  Oneydoes  and  MJMU'ks&y,  That  when  they 
8:  buried  the  Hatchet  at  Cadaraclm-  (in  the 
s  prefenceof  your  Predeceflbr)  in  the  middle 
'■■  of  the  Fort,  they  planted  the  Tree  of 
*'•  Peace  in  the  fame  place,  to  be  there  care- 
«  fullv  preferred,  that,  in  place  of  a  Retreat 
»  for  Soldiers,  that  Fort  might  be  a  Rendc* 
«  vouze  of  Merchants-,  that  in  place  ol  Arms 

*  and  Munitions  of  War,  Bevtfs  and  Mei* 
"  chandize  fhouldonly  enter  there. 

u  Hear   ntmdio,  Take  care  for  the  iuture* 

'«  that  fo  'great  a  Number  of  Soldiers  as  ap- 

B  "  pear 


(  d )  Called  Sa-wehtns  by  the  French. 


553555 


j*art  L  Indian  Nation?.  8^ 

u  pear  here  do  not  choak  the  Tree  of  Peace 
"  plantedjn  fo  fmall  a  Fort,  It  will  be  a  great 
"  Lois,  if  after  it  had  fo  eafily  taken  roof, 
^c  you  fhould  ftop  its  growth,  and  prevent  its 
"  covering  your  Country  and  ours  with  its 
u  Branches,,  ,  I  allure  you,  in  the  Name  of 
"  the  Five  Nations  >  That  our  Warriors  ihall 
u  dance  to  the  Calumet  of  Peace  under  its  leaves^ 
cc  and  fhall  remain  quiet  on  their  'ftlatSj  and 
Y  {hall  never  dig  up  the  Hatchet  till  their 
6S  Brethren  5  Yonnondto  or  CvHaer  -  ihall  either 
cc  joyntly  or  feperately  endeavour  to  attack 
<c  the  Country  which  the  great  Spirit  has  giv« 
cc  en  to  our  Anceftors.  This  Belt  Preferves  my 
^-  Words\  and  this  oth?r$  thf  Authority  which  the 
*'  Five  Nations  have  given  me. 

Then  GararguU  addreffing  himfelf  td  Mr. 
he  Mainy  laid, 

i&  Take  Courage,  Dhqueffe^  you  have  Spirit^ 
*'  Speak,  Explain  my  Words.  Forget  no* 
c<  thing,  Tell  all  that  your  Brethren  and 
"  Friends., fay  to  Tcnnondio^  your  Governor,, 
<c  by  the  Mouth  of  Garangula^  who  honours 
u  you,  and  deilres  you  to  accept  of  this  Pre- 
**  tent  of  Bever,  and  take  part  with  me  in  my 
"  Feaft,  to  which!  invite  you^  This  Prefent 
45  of  Bevers  is  fentto  Tonncndto  on  the  part  of 
u  the  Five  JSfai 

When  G$rmgftl£$  Harrangue  was  explained 
M  1& 


5o>  tsftorj  of  the  five  Chip.  IV. 

to  Mr.  De  U  Barr?,  he  returned  to  his  Tent, 
Enraged  at  what  he  had  heard. 

Garangula  feafted  the  French  Officers,and  then 
Returned.  And  Monf.  De  laBarre  fet  out  iii 
in  his  way  towards,  Monreal.  Asfoon.asthe 
General  was  eriibaf  qued  with  the  few  Soldiers 
that  remained  in  Health,  the  Militia  made  the 
beft  of  their  way  to  their  own  Habitations, 
Without  any  Order  or  Difciplinc. 

Thus  a  v~ry  Chargeable  and  Fatiguing  Ex- 
pedition (which  was  to  ftrike  the  Terror  of 
the  French  Name  into  the  Stubborn  Hearts  of 
the  Five  Nations)  ended  by  a  Difpute  betweeri 
the  French  General  and  an  Old  Indiah. 

When  the  Indians  came  to  Albany,  after  they 
had  met  with  Mr.  De  U  Barre,  (and  were  up- 
braided for  it  by  Coll.  j)mgan)  Carachkondie, 
an  Onnondaga,  flyly  anfwer'd,  We  are  forry^  an& 
&Jhamed  ;  for  now  we  understand  that  the  Governor 
of  Canada  is  not  fe  great  a  Man  as  the  EnglifK 
King  that  lives  on  the  other  fide  the  great  Water  i 
tend  we  are  vexed  for  having  given  the  Governor  of 
Canada  fe  many  fine  Wampum  Belts. 


GHA  f. 


Part  E 


..,,,,■■.■■..■■■■■.,.■......... 

Indian  Nation/. 


9* 


CHAP.  V. 

The  Englifh  Attempt  to  Trade  in  the  La%es9  and 
Mr.  De  Nonvillc  Attacks  the  Sennekas. 

MOnfieur  Le  Marquis  de  Nonyille  having 
fucceeded  Mr.  De  la  Barrer  in  1685% 
and  having  brought  a  canfiderable  Reinforce- 
ment of  Soldiers  with  him,  herefolv'd  to  Re- 
cover the  Honour  the  French  had  loth  in  the 
kit  Expedition,  and  to  Revenge  the  Slaughter 
that  the  Vivo  Nations  continued  to  make  of)  the 
Thvihtwiks  and  Chictaghlks^  who.  had  put  them- 
felves  under  the  Protection  of  the  French ;  for 
the  Five  Nations  having  entirely  fubdued  the 
Ckick^taghikj^  ( e  )  after  a  fix  years  War,  they 
refolv5d  next  to  fall  upon  ihtTwihtwies^  and 
to  call  them  to  an  account  for  the  Difturbance. 
they  had  given  fome  of  the  Five  Nations  in 
their  Bever-hunting.  The  Fim  Nations  have 
few  or  no  Bevers  m  their  own  Country,  and 
are  for  that,  reafon  obliged  to  hunt  at  a  great 
diftance,  which  often  occafipn'd  Pifputes 
with  their  Neighbours  about  the  Property  of 
the  Bever,    in  fome  parta  o£  the   Country* 


{#)  Called  ll'mm  by  the  French 


T 


&£ 


n 


jj|i  Biflory  of  tfa  five.  Chap.  Vv 

The  Beversarethe  moft  valuable  part  of  the 
Indian  Trade.  And  as  the  Twihrwies  carried 
their  JJever  to  the  'French,  the  EngUftd  favour'd 
the  Five  Nations  in  thefe  Expeditions,  and  par- 
ticularly in  the  beginning'  of  the  year  1687, 
shade  the  Fivi  Nations  a  Pfefent  of  a  Barrel  of 
Powder,  when  their  whole  Foixe  was  pre- 
paring to  go  againft  the  Twihtwies.  The  Engli^ 
were  the  better  pleas'd  with  this  War,  became 
they  thought  it  would  divert  their  Thoughts 
from  the  Indians  that  were  Friends  to  Virginia  1. 
But  the  French  were  refolv'd  to  Support  their 
Friends  more  effectually  by  a  powerful  Diver- 
fion9  and  to  change  the  Seat  of  the  War. 

For  this  purpole  Mr.  De  NonvWe  feat,  in 
May,  1687,  great  Quantities  of  Provisions  to 
Cadarack&i  Fort,  and  gathered  the  whole  Force  - 
of  Canada  to  Montreal.  His  Amy  cqnfifted  of 
1560  French  of  the  Regular  Troops  &  Militia^ 
and  500  Indians  that  lived  near  Mo^real  and 
Qjiebeck^ 

He  fentlikewifc  Orders  to  the  Commandant 
at  Miplimakina^  to  aflembie  all  the  Nations 
round"  him,  and  to  March  them  to  Oraagara^ 
in  order  to  joy n  the  Forces  of  Canada  defign'd 
againft  the  Scnnekas.  And  the  other  Officers 
polled  among  the  Indians  Weft  ward,  had  the 
like  Orders.  I  / 

The  Twihtwigs  receivM  the  Hatchet  with 
joy3  from   the  mads  of  the  French  Officer, 

againft 


Part  I.  Indian  Mitiov$.  02 

againft  the  Five  Nations.  The  Out agamies  (  fj 
Kikabotis^  and  Maskputubj,  who  were  not  usM 
to  Cannoes^  were  at  firft  perfwaded  to  joyn 
the  Twihtwies,  who  were  to  march  by  Land 
to  TcHchfagrondk,  where  there  was  a  French 
Fort,  at  which  they  were  to  be  fapp!y5d  with 
Ammunition  :  But  after  the  French  Officer 
left  them,  the  Vt agamies  and  Ma  shucks  were 
iiflwaded  by  fome  of  the  Mahikander  Indians, 
ivho  happened  to  be  with  a  neighbouring  Na« - 
ion  at  that  time, 

'The  Putewatemies?  Malhmninies  and  Puans 
>ffer?d  thcmfelves  willingly,  and  went  to  the 
lendevcuze  at  Mt^ilimaHnak^  where  they 
vere  receiv'd  by  the  Vtawaivas  with  all  the 
Marks  of  Honour  ufually  paid  to  Soldiers^ - 
ho5  the  Vjtawawas  had  no  inclination  to  the 
>refentEnterprize  j  they  could  not  tell,  how- 
ver,  how  to  appear  againft  it,  otherwife  than 
>y  inventing  what  Delays  they  could  to  pre- 
ent  their  Marching, 

In  the  mean  while,  a  Cannoe  arrivM,  which  - 
fas  fent  by  IV$r.  DeNonvJlie  with  his  Orders 
3  the  Officers.  This  Cannoe  in  her  Pafisge 
lfcover'd  fome  Enghp.  commanded  by  Major 
4S  Gregory,  in  their  way  to  Teiodondaraghie* 
7he  Engiift  thought  (after  they  had  an  account 


( / )    The  Ota&gamwsi '  Rikabom,  Malhominies  and  PieaL 
fp  on  toe  Weft  fide  of  Lake  Michigan, 

Of 


££*£ 


6a  Htftoqt  °f  &e  fee  Chap*  V.; 

of  the  new  Alliance  their  King  had  enter'd 
into  with  the  French)  that  the  French  would 
not  difturb  them  in  profecuting  a  Trade  with 
the  Indians  every  where,  and  that  the  Trade 
would  be  equally  free  and  open  to  both  Na- 
tions. With  thefc  hopes  a  confiderable  Num- 
ber of  Adventurers  went  out  under  the  Con-, 
du&  of  Major  M"  Gregory  to  Trade  with  the 
Indians  living  on  the  Banks  of  the  Lakes  j  and 
that  they  might  be  - the  more  wellcome,  per- 
fwaded  the  Five  Nations  to  fet  all  the  Dionon- 
dadie  Prisoners  at  Liberty,  who  went  along 
with  the  En^Ujh  and  condufted  them  towards, 
Mjfilim*kin*k  oxTiiodondoraghis.  But  the  English.. 
found  themfelves  miftaken ,  for  the  French 
Commandant  at  Xeiodondoragbie,  as  fo.on.ashe 
had  Notice  ofthis,  fent  300  French  to  intercept 
the  Englifh..  . 

(  a  )  The  Qtau/awasi,  and  Dionondadies  ha-, 
v-idg  likewife  an  account  of  the  Enghfo,  dc^j 
figned  to  fupport  their  own  Independency, 
and  to  encourage  the  Engli(b  Trade.  The 
Return  of.  the  DJomnd^die  Prifoners  made 
that  Nation  very  hearty  in  favouring  the  hng^ 
Ufa  they  therefore  marched  immediately  oft, 
With  defigh  t<p  joyn    Major  M\  Gregory,   hut 


( g )  Hi^oire  de  Le  Amerique  Septentrianafe,  par  W  - .  2|| 
M  Peserie ',  Tome  2..  Chap.iSo 


mmm. 


jPart  L  hfiian  Nation  f.  k* 

the  Vtawaivas  Were  divided  in  their  Inclina^ 
tions,  their  Chief,  with  about  thirty  more 
joyn'd  the  French,  the  reft  remain'd  in  f  ufpencc 
and  flood  Neuter. 

The  Vtawawas  thus  wavering,  difconccrt- 
td  the  Meafdres  of  the  Beionondadit^  for  they 
begaii  to  fuipeft  the  Vuwawas,  and  therefore 
immediately  returned  to  fectire  their  Wives 
and  Children  they  had  left  near  the  French  Fort 
•frith  the  Vtatt/awai.  The  EngKjh  and  their 
Effects  were  feized  without  any  Oppofitiori 
and  were  carried  to  the  French  Fort  at  TetX 
dondoraghie. 

The  Englijli  brought  great  Quantities  of 
Rum  with  them,  ( which  the  Indians  love 
iqore  than  their  Life)  and  the  French  btiw 
afraid  that  if  the  Indite*  took  to  drinking  the? 
would  grow  ungovernable,  did  what'  they 
could  to  keep  theln  from  it.  They  were  moft 
concerned  that  the  Puteivatemizs,  (who  j^d 
no  knowledge  of  the  £ng/ijh9  or  of  that  be* 
witching  Liquor,  and  were  firmly  attached 
lo  the  French)  fhculdnot  t&ftc  it. 
^  The  Viawa-was  Itill  contrived  delays  to  the 
March,  and  having  got  feme  of  the  >**W£ 
nies  privately  by  themfelvcs,  they  offered 
diem  aCag  of  Rum; '  and faid,  *  We  are  all 
;  Brethercn,  we  ought  to 'make   one  Body-- 

■c  f  dJf°    aVe  °ne  ?°uL      Th£  French  invite  11 
i  to  Waragamit  xhe  Bv*  Mathns%  with  defis***  ' 


= 


^6  Hifiory  of  the  put  Chap.  V. 

*6  to  make  us  Slaves,  and  that  we  fhould  make 
«  our  felves  the  Tools  to  cffe£t  it.  As  foon 
•sg  as  they ..fhall  have  deftroyed  the  five  Nation^ 
"  they  will  no  longer  obferve  any  Meafures. 
kj  with  us,  but  ufe  us  like  thole  Beads  that 
u  they  tye  to  their  Plows.  Let  us- leave  them 
«  to  themfelves,  and  they'll  never  be  able  to 
f  accomplifli  any  thing  agamft  the  Five  Mm 

■  But  the  PpitewMemies  had  entertain'd  fiicH 
potions  of  the  French,  as  made  them  Deaf  to 
all  the  Politicks  of  the  Vtawavjas. 

'ftefrmth  however  grew  Jealous  of  thefe 
Caballinps,and  therefore  refolv'd  to  delay  their 
March  no  longer,  and  would  not  ftay  one  day 
more  for  the  Vtawawas,  gwho  delired  only 
fo  much  time  to  Pitch  their  Carets,  but  went 
away  without  them. 

Mr  Tonu  Commandant  among  the  ChEttag- 
kicks  met  with  another  Party  of  the  Bnglf 
of  about  ao  Men  m  LokeOhfwego  as  he  marc  ti- 
ed with  the  Gh&arbicki  and  T^iht^iks,  and 


other  neig 


ihbourim 


Nations  to  the  General 


Rendevouze.  He  fell  upon  the  £^% 
Plundered  them,  and  took  them  Pnfoners, 
Th-  French  divided  all  the  Merchandize  among 
the  >A4«*rj  but  kept  the  Rum  to  themfelvcs 
?nd  sot  ail  drunk.  The  Dcottmdadte Pnfoners, 
that  Conducted  the  £»£#,  joyned  who  cue 
Mihikmder.  Indmm  that  were  among  h^.Toim  t 


I  I' 


Part  I.  Indian  Nations]  97 

Indians,  (who  had  privately  diflwaded  about  20° 
pf  the  neighbouring  Nations  from  going 
along  with  Tonti)  and  endeavoured  to  peri  wadc 
all  the  Indians  to  fill  upon  the  French,  whilc 
they  were  drunk,  and  deftray  them,  faying,. 
7%$  French  are.  a  Proud,  Imperious,  Covetous 
People,  th  it  fell  their  goods  at  an  extravagant:  Price  : 
The  Englifh  are  a  good  Nxtured,  Honeft  People., 
who  will  furnifoyou  with  every  thing  at  reasonable. 
Rates.  Rut  theie  arguments  were  to  no  pur- 
pofe,  for  thefc  far  Indians  had  entertained 
extraordinary  Notions  of  the  French  Power  $ 
and  knew  nothing  of  the  Englifb. 

The  French  and  Putewatemies  being  gone 
from  Teiodondoraghie,  the  Vtawawas  began  to 
be  afraid  of  the  French  Refentment,  and  there- 
fore  the  better  to  keep  up.  the  colour  they  had 
put  on  their  delays,  ruarched  oyer  Land  with 
all  poflible  expedition^  to  the  general  Ren- 
devodz  near  Qniagara^  where  all  the  French 
Force,  both  Chriftidn  md  Indian was  to  meet. 

The  Five Hations  being  informed  6$xhsF*ench 
Preparations,  laid  afide  their  Defigns  againft 
t^iTwihtwies,  and  prepared  to  give  thz  French 
a  warm  Reception.  Upon  this  the  Prieft  at 
Onnondagakk  them,  and  their  Soldiers,  cama 
to  Albany  to.  provide  Ammunition.  The 
Commiffionprs  made  them  a  Prefent  of  a 
confiderable  quantity  of  Powder  and  Lead5. 
b^fides.  what  tliev  purchafed.     They  were- 


9?  Hijmy  of  the  five  CKap.VT 

under  a  great  deal  of;  Concern  when  they  took 
leave  of  the  Commiffioners,  and  faid,  "Since 
"we  are  to  expert  no  other  Affiftance. from 
"  our  Brethren,  we  muft  recommend  our 
"Wives  and  Children  to  you,  who  will  fly 
"to  you;  if  any :  Misfortune  fhall  happen  to 
%  us.  It-may  he  we  never  fhall  fee  you  more ; 
"  for  we  are  refolded  to  behave  fo  as  our 
%  Brethren  .fhall  have  no  reafon  to  be  afha- 
Viacd  of  us: 

We  muft  now  return  to  Mr.  De  Nonvilk\ 
Army;    •    •   * 

Mpnf,  Chfimpigni  marched ,  eight  or  ten  Days 
before  the  reft  of  the  Arm y,with  between  two. 
and  three  hundred Canadtens.     Asfoon'as  they 
arrivM  at  Cad'arackvi,  they  fur-prized  two  ViU 
lages  of  the  Five  Nattms, .  that : were  fettled 
about  eight  Leagues  from  that  Place,  to  pre- 
vent their  giving  any  intelligence  to  their  own: 
Nation,  of  the   Ftetocb  Preparations,  or  the! 
State  of  the  French  Army, -..as  it  was  fuppofed 
they  did  in  the  kit  Expedition  under  Mr.  De' 
laBarre.  ■■_  'Thefe  People  were  furprifed  when 
they  leaft  expe&ed,  and  by  them  from  whom' 
they  fear'd  no-harm,  becaiifethey  had  fettled 
thereat  the  Invitation  and  on  the  Eaithof  the 
French.     They  were  carried  in  cold  Blood  to 
the  Fort,  and  tyed  to  Stakes  to  be  tormented 


•I?Art  I.  '-Indian  Nations  a  09 

by  the  French  Indians  {Cbriftunj,  as>they  call 
them)  while,  they  continued  finging  in  their 
Country  manner,  and  upbraiding  the  Trench 
with  their  Perfidy  and  Ungratitude."  But 
the  French  Policy  had  no  .Gompaiffion  on  thefe 
Miferable  -People^  when  they  were  refolved 
to  deftroy  their  whole  Natio.n.  ■  < 
«  While  Mr.  Dc  Nonvillt  was  *:  Xadartckui 
Fort,  he  had  an  Account  that  the  Chwitaghich 
and  Twihtwies  waitc ,  or  the  Qwtoghies-yadL 
VtmvAwxs  at  (A)  L% St. Clair,  with  whom 
they  defign'd  to  March  to  the  general  Rende- 
.vouzat  the  Mouth  of  the  Sennekas  River.  .For 
this  Expedition,  was  chiefly  defigu'd  againfb 
the  Strmdfat^iwhQ  had  .ablohitcly  .refuted  to 
meet'  Mr.  Deta  M*rre*  an-l  were  moilnfirmfy  ' 
attached  to  the  Engtt$i.  The  Semens  for  this 
reafon  were  defignM  to  bs  made  Examples  .of 
Jthe  French  Refentmentto  all  the  other  Nations 
oi:   Indians.        /*■' ;  ,,;\     r    ff    ,       I*   '>,    ;\  '  "- , 

The  Meiienger  havmg,  allured ,the  -General, 
that  it  was  time  to  depart,  in  order,  to  meet 
•the  We&QYnlndiam+that  ciimc  to  his  Afliitanoa* 
:he  fet  out  the  2gd;ef  xpf%  .ar<3  few  om  part 
,of  his  Army  in  Canaev  ala^^^^ttfe 
Shoar,  while  he  with, the  athcr. part  pailed 
.along  the  South,  that "  ivo  accidents  ofwinct 


{b)  In    the   Strcights 

N-i. 


between     0jhtg8  J*fike 


anict 


£&d  Biflory  cf  this  fate        Chap.  V. 

might  prevent  the  one  or  the  other  reaching 
within  the  time  appointed  at  thePlace  the/iw6*»* 
were  to  meet  him.  It  happened,  by  rcafon  of  the 
good  weathet  that  both  the  Parties  arrived  on 
the  fame  day,  and  joyned  the  Wcftera 
Indians  at  Irondeciuzt.  As  foeii  as  the  meii 
were  put  on  fhoar,  they  hawled  up  theCahoes^ 
and  began  a  Fort,  where  400  Men  were  left  to 
guard  the  Canoes,  aiid  the  Baggage.  Here  a 
young  Canadicn  was  ihot  to  death,  as  a  Deferter, 
for  conducting  the  Engltfr  into  the  Lakes,  tho5 
the  two  Nations  were  not  only  at  Peace,  but 
their  Kings  in  ftri&er  Fnendihip  than  ufual. 
But  this  Piece  of  feverity  is  not  to  be  wonder'd 
at,  when  the  French  were  refolved  to  under- 
take an  unjuft  War,  and  every  thing  to  put  a 
flop  to  the  EngliB  Trade,  which  now  began  to 
extend  it  ielf  far  into  the  Continent,  and  would 
in  its  confequenceruin  theirs.  The  next  day, 
the  Army  began  to  march  towards  the  chief 
Village  of  the  S$nn*k$h  which  was  only  feven 
Leagues '  diftant,  every  man  carrying  ten 
Biskets  for  his  Provifion.  The  Indian  Tra- 
ders made'  the  Van  with  part  of  the 
Indians^  tfce  other  .part  marched  in  the  Rear,' 
while  the  Regular  Troops  and  Militia 
composed  the  mam  Bddy.  TheArmy  marched 
fourLeagues  the  firft  day,  without  diibSvenng 
my  thitig.  The  nest  day  the  Scouts  advanced 
■before  the  ^rmy,  as  fcf  as  the  coxa  Fields  qf 

the 


Trmrrr 


P&tt  I.  Mian  Mttimtl  ioj 

the  Village,  without  feeing  any  body,  tho 
they  palled  within  Piftol  fhot  of  500  Sennekas* 
that  lay  on  their  Bellies,  and  let  them  pafs  and 
repafs,  without  diiturbingthem. 

On  the  Report  which  they  made,  the  French 
Marched  with  much  haite,  but  little  Order,  ifi 
hopes  to  overtake  the  Women,  Children  and 
Old  Men  ;  for  they  no  longer  doubted  of  ail 
Being  fled.  But  as  fodn  as  the  French  reached  the 
foot  of  a  Hill,  about  a  quarter  of  a  League 
from  the  Village,  the  Sennets  fuddenly  rais'd 
the  War-fhout,  with  a  Difcharge '.of  their 
Fire-Arms.  This  put  the  Regular  Troops,  as 
well  as  the  Militia  into  fueh  a  Fright,  as  they 
marched  through  the  Woods,  that  the  Bat- 
talions immediately  divided,  and  run  to  the 
Right  and  Left,  and  in  the  Confufidn  fired 
Upon  o'ne  another.  When  tha  Sennekgs  per- 
ceived their  Difdrden  they  fell  in  among  them 
Pell-mell,  till  the  French  Indians;  more  ufed 
to  fuch  Fights,  gathered  together  and  R&  . 
pulled  the  Scnmkas.  There  were  (according 
to  the  Frtnch  Accounts)  a  hundred  French-men^ 
ten  French  Indians^  and  about  fourfcore  Sennekgt 
killed  in  this  Rencounter; 

Mr.  De  Nonvelle  was  (o  dif-fpif  ited  With  the 
Fright  that  his  Men  had  been  put  into,  that 
his  Indians  could  not  perfwade  him  to  purine. 
Me  halted  the.  remainder  of  that  Day.  The 
next.day.  he. Marched  on  wish  defign  to  biirxj 

th* 


1-tiz  Hijloryof  the  five  Chap.V, 

the  Village, /but   when  he  came,  there,   he 

Sound  the  Sennekas  hadfavedhim  the  trouble^ 
for  theyhaddaid  all  in  Aihes  before  they  Rer- 
tired  $  Two  Old  Men  only  were  found  in  the'  I 
Caftle,  whoVwerq  cut  into  Pieccsandboylcd 
to  make  -Soop  for  the  French  Allies.'  The 
French  (laid  live  or  fix  Days  to  deftroy  their 
Corn,  and  then  marched  to  two  otherVillages, 
at  two  or  three '-Leagues  diftance.  After  they 
badperform5d  the  like  Exploits,  in  t!iofel3laces 
they  retunrd  to  the  Banks  of  the  Lake,  , 

Before  the  French  left  the  Lakes,  they  built 
a  Fort  of  four  Bait  ions  at  Gmagara,  on  the 
South  fide  of  the  Streights,  between  Ohfivego 
Lake  and  CaUaraekut  Lake,  and  left, a  hundred 
Men,  with  eight  .Months  Provifions  in 
it.  But  this  Garrifon  wasfo  clbfcly  blockt 
tip  by  the,  Five  'Nations,  that  they  all  dy5d  of 
Hunger,  except  feven  or  eight,^w  ho  were  ac- 
cidentally relieved  -by  a  Party  o?  French  Indians. 
The  Western  Vidians  when  ,they  parted 
from-  the  French  .General,  made  their  Har- 
rangues,  as  ufual,  in  .whith  they  told  hirn 
!*yith  what- Pleaiure  they  iaw.a  Fort  fo  well 
placed  to  favour  their  Defigfis  ugainft  the 
Five  Ndtisns^  and  that  they  Relied  on  his 
never  finishing  the  War  but  with  the 
JDcll  ruction  of -the  Five  Natwns,  or  Force- 
ing  them  to  abandon  their  Country,  tfe 
allured  thcm5    that  he  would  aft  with  Sx&h 

Vigour 


— — ■ 


ss 


Part  I. 


Indian  Nations] 


m 


Vigour  that  they  would  foon  fee  the  Five 
Nations  driven  into  the  Sea. 
-  He  lent  a  Detachment  of  Soldiers  to  Teitn 
dondotaghic,  and  in  hisReturn  to  Canada,  which 
was  by  the  Norch  fide  of. the  Lake,  he  left 
the  fame  Number  of  Men  and  Quantity  oS 
Provifions  at  Cadarackui  Fort.  ' 

The  French,  having  got  nothing  but  dry 
Blows,  fent  thirteen  of  the  Indians  -that  they 
ftirprized  at  Cadarackui,  to  France,  as  Trophies 
of  their  Vi£tory,  where  they  were  put  hue* 
the  Galleys,  as  Rebels  to  their  King. 


CHAP.  VI. 

Coll.  Dpngan9/  Advice  to  the  Indians.  AdarioV 
Enterprise,  and  Montreal  Sachet  by  t$e  Five 
Nations,  v    ' 

OW.JDongan,  who  always  had  the  Indian 
Jjfeirs  very  much  at  heart,  met  the  Five 
■Nations  at  Albany  as  foon  as -poflfble  after  the 
French  Expedition,  and  fpoke  to  them  on  the 
5£k  of  AHgufl,  in  the  following  words,  vit. 

Brethren* 

v  Am  very   glad.to  fee  you  here  in  this 
&  Houfe,  and  am,  heartily  glad  that  you 

"  have" 


|£§   •  Hifteycf  ike  fhig  Chap,  VI. 

«  have  fuftain'd  no  greater  lofs  by  the  French* 
«  tho'  1  believe  it  Was  their  Intention  to  de- 
f  ftroy  you  all,  if  they  could  have  furpmM 
vou  in  your  Caftles.  _       _ 

«  As  foon  as  I  heard  of  their  defin  to  War 
«  with  you,  I  gave  you  Notice,  and  came  up 
«  hither  my  fclf,  that  I  might  be  ready  to  give 
«  all  the  Affiftan.ee  and  Advice  that  fo,  ihort  a 
f"  time  would  allow  me. 
1  «  I  am  now  about  fending  a  Gentleman  to, 
«  £»^W  to  the  King,  my  Maimer,  to  let 
«  him  know,  that  the  French  have  invaded 
«  his  Territories  on  this  fide  the  great 
"Lake,  and  WarM  upon  the  Brethren,  his 
«  subiefts ;  I  would  therefore  willingly 
«  know,  whether  the  Brethren,  have  given 
«  the  Governor  of  Gwaak  any  Provocation 
«•  or  not;  and  if  they  have,  how,  and  in  what 
«  manner,  becaufe  I  am  objig*  to  give  a 
«  true  account  of  this  matter.  This  bu,  me  fa 
f  mav  caufe  a  War  between  the  King  os 
|  £*4«i  and  the  Fwwfc  King,;  both  in  Europe 
-m  and  here,  and  therefore  I  ffluft  know  tue 
«  Truth.       '    •.  „  -         ,     ,       •    : 

'  I  know  the  Governor  otQatatifr  dare  not 
«  enter  fintg  the  great  King  of  England  s. 
i  Territories,  in  a  Hoftile  manner  witnout 
4  Provocation,  if  he  thought  the  brethren 
«  were  the  King  of  England's  Subjects  ;  But 
*  you  having  two  or  three  years  ago,  made  a 
-:  J  •         ''.*•?  '  '■'  Covenant 


Part  I.  JnSan  Nationi.  '$  ojj 

*<  Covenant  Chain  with  the  French,  contrary 

*  to  my  Command,  (which  I  knew  could 
€i  not  hold  long)  being  void  of  it  felf  among 
ft  the  Cbriftians ;  for  as  much  as  Subje£h  (a$ 
*«  you  are)  ought  not  to  treat  with  any  Fo~ 
f  reign  Nation,  it  not  lying  in  your  Power, 
"  have  brought  thisTrouble  upon  your  felvesf 
?  and,  as  I  believe,  is  the  onlyreafonof  %hdt 
^  falling  upon  you  at  this  time. 

"  Brethren,  I  took  it  very  ill,  that  after  your 
1*  had  put  your  felves  into  the  Number  of 
9  the  great  King  of  EngUnih  Subje&s,  thac 
46  you  fliould  ever  offer  to  make  Fea$eor 
H  War  without  my  confemt.  You  knoyr  that: 
1  we  can  live  without  you,  but  you  canno? 

*  live  without  us.  You  never  foun4  that! 
ft  told  you  3  Lie,  and  I  did  offer  you  AffifK 
■ft  ance  as   you  wanted,  provided  that  you 

*  would  be  advifed  by  me;  for  t  knm  *M 
ft  French  better  than  any  oi  you  do* 

«  *  Now  fmce  there  i*a  War  bcf^&upoQ. 
ft  you  by  the  Governor  of  Canada,  I  hope 
ft  without  any  Provocation  by  you  given,  I 
ft  defire  and  commatid  you,  that  you  Rearket* 
ft  to  no.  Treaty  but  by  my  Advice,  which  i£ 
1'  you  follow,  you  fhail  have  the  Benefits  of 
\*  the  great  Chain  of  Frkndfhip  between  the 

*  great  Kaag  of  Mngtm^  arid  the  French  J&inga 
ft  which  came  ou%of  England :the  otlaer  day9 
ii  and  which  I  feave  fent  to fymfa  by  #$% 


*o$  Mftety,  of  the  $n  Chap.  VI; 

<«,  Leftward^     In  the  mean  time  I  will  give 
W  you  fuch.  Advice  as  wilfbe  for  your  ejod 
5  and  will  fupply  you  with  fuch  Neceflarys 
ft as  you  will  have  need  of. 
«  *'  ftw  Advice  is,  that  as  many  Pri- 
fonersof  their^A,  as  you  mall  take,  that 
j  you  draw  not  their  Blood,  but  bring  them 
*  home  and  keep  them  to  Exchange  for  your 
r  People,  which  they  have  Prifoners  already 
Jg  or.  may  take  hereafter.  ». 

,  W,¥^  That  if  itbePoffible,  that  you  can 
'order  it  fo,  I  would  have  you  take  one  «r 
«  two,  of  your  wifeft  Sachem*,  and  one  or 
%  two  chief  Captains  of  each   Nation,  to  be 
%  a  Council  to  managsall  Affairs  of  the  War. 
1  J2fy -to-  ^ve  Orders,  to  the  reft  of  the 
w  Officers,  what  they  are  to  do,   that  your 
*  defigns  may  be  kept  Private,  for  after  it 
«  comes  among  fo  many  People,  it  is  Blazed 
8*  abroad,  and  your  defigns  areoften  frustrated. 
m  And  thofe  chief  Men  to  keep  a  Corre- 
w  fpondence  with  me,  by  a  Truftv  Mcffen- 
?' ger. 

"  3#»  Now  the  Great  matter  under 
u  Confideration with  the  Brethren,  is,  how 
**  to  ftrengthen  themfelves,  and  weaken  your 
**  Enemy.  My  Opinion  is,  that  the  Brethren 
*  mould  fend  Mefiengers  to  the  Vuwawas; 
*«  Twibtwichs,  and  the  farther  Indian,  and  to 
£  fend  back  likewife  fome  of  the  Prifoners  of 

*  thefe 


<c  thefe  Nations,  if  any  you  have  left,  td 
"  bury  the  Hatches  arid  to  make  a  Covenant 
li  Chain,  that  they  may  piit  away  sill  the 
iC  French  that  are  &mong  them*  and  that  you 
"  will  open  a  Path  for  them  this  way*    They 

*  being  the  King  of  England's  Subje&s  like- 
«  wife,  ohly  the  French  have  been^dmitted  t<fc 
«<  Trade  with  them- for  all  that  the  French  have 
«  ihC^athey  had  it  of  the  Great  Kiii|bF 
«  England^  that  by  that  Means  they  toy  come 
fc  hither  freely  where  they  taay  have  eVery 

*  thing  Cheaper  thain  among  the  French* 
«  That  you  and  they  riiayjoyii  together  a^infe 
"  the  French),  and  make  fo  firm  a  League  that 
«  whoever  is  an  Enemy  to  one^  mttit  be  v$ 
**  both. 

*  4'%  Aiiother  thing  of  Coriceffi  i§J  that 

*  you  ought  to  do  what  you  tah  to  open  i 
46  Path  for  all  the  North ^dims  mdJlidfikandeh 

*  that  are  among  the  Vtau>aua$  and  farthgf 

*  Nations :  I  will  eiideaVour  to  do  the  &th& 
6C  to  bring  thetn  httae;  for  they  iiot  daritag 

*  to  return  home  ybur  M^  the  Fredh  k^S 
€<  them  there  on  purpole  to  jbyh  ivitfc  the 
"  farther  Nations  againft  you,for  ybUrJDeftru^ 
u  6tion ;  for  yoii  knbivi  that  one  of  tfceni  % 
"  worfe  thaft  fix  of  thebthcrs.  Thet-eforekU 
w  means  muft  Be  ufed  to  bring  them  Boffie* 

*  and  tife  them   kindly  as  they  j)&  through 


your  Country 


Oi 


0$ 


-jel.'  ffijlory.of  iht  five  Chap.  VJ;' 

*  3$/fo  My  Advice  further  is,  That  Me£ 
**  fengers  go  in  behalf  of  all  the  Five  Nations^ 
** .  tt>  the  Ch  rift  an  Indians  at  Cktiad&i 
**  to  perfwade  theni  to  come  Home  to  their 
**  Native  C  o  u  n  t  r  yj  and  to  promife  them 
*<  all  Protection;  This  will  be  another  great 
**  means  to  weaken  your  Enemy ;  but  if  they 
4  will  not  be  advifed*  you  know  what  to  do 
**  with  them. 

I  «  6thiyf  t  think  it  very  heceflary  for  the 
"  Brethrens  Security  and  Afriftance,  and  td 
«'  the  ehdamagingthe  French,  to  build  a  Fort 
*  upon  the  Lake,  where  I  may  keep  Stores 
44  and  Provifionsj  in  cafe  of  .neceflity ;  and 
"  therefore  I  would  have  the  Brethren  let  me 
«*  know  what  Place  will  be  moft  conveniens 

'  *-4W<>  i  ^otiid  not  have  ihe  Brethren1  keep 
«*  their  Corn  in  their  Caftles*  as  Inearth© 
««  Onnbnimas  do;  butt©  bury  it  a  great  way  in 
««  tlie  Woods,  where  few.  People  may  know 
«*  where  it  is,  for  fear  of  fitch  an  Accident  as 
K  has  happened  to -.the  Semdzat.    ;■,..     ^ 

#  %tMy,  I  have  given  my  Advice  lfi  yoti* 
^  General  Affembly  by  Mr.  I«r$  Wegtls  and 
«  ^£»**  the  Interpreter,how  you  are  to  manage 
«*  yOurPartys,  arid  how  neceffary  it  is  to  get 
41  fefoners,-  to  exchange  for  your  own  Men 
«  that  are  Prifbhers  with  *he  Frensh.  And  I 
te  am  glad  to  hear  that  the  Brethren  are  fo 
«  United,  as  Mr.  Birh  Wtf&  tells  me  you 
"  '8  are 


I 


fart  it 


Indian  NstiMF, 


309' 


,**  are,  and  that  there  are  iio  Rotten  Members 
^  por  French  Spyes  among  you. 

9^,  The  Brethren  may  remember  niy 
*'  Advtce  which  I  fent  you  this  Spring,  Not 
u  to  go  to  Uadarackui-,  if  yon  had,*  they  \vould 
**  have  fervid  you  as  they  did  your  People 
"  who  came  from  Hunting  thither ;  for  I 
u  told  you  then,  that  I  knew  the  French  better 
lc  than  you  did. 

"  lothly.  There  irte  rio  Adf  ice  or  Propo- 
**  fition  that  I  made  to  the  Brethren,  all  the 
4<  time  that  the  Priefl  liv'd  zt  Onondaga,  but 
**  what  he  wrote  to  Canada;  as  I  found  by  one 
ci  of  his  Letters  which  he  gave  to  an  Indian 
*«  to  carry  to  Canada^  but  was  brought  hither^ 
**  Therefore  I  defire  the  Brethren  not  to  re- 
;c  ceive  him  or  any  French  Priefis  any  more,; 
having  f^nt  for  Englijb  Priefts;  ^ith  whom 
you  may  be  fupply'd  to  you^Gdntent, 
•'  ii.  I  would  htve  the  Brethren  look  out 
fharp  for  feat  of  being  furpnfed;  I  be- 
"  lieve  all  the  Strength  of  t&e  French  will  be 
"  at  their  Frdntier  Places j  w..,  at  Cadarackui 
"  and  Oniagara^  where  they  build  a  Fcrrt  now, 
"  and  at  Troij  Riviere^  Montreal  and  Ch&mbly. 

"  i%.  Let  ms  put  yoti  in  mind  agaip,  not 
*c  to  make  any  Treatys  without  my  Means, 
u  which  will  be  more  Advantageous  for  you, 
*f  than  your  doing  it  by  ypiirfetves,  for  theft 
"  you  will  be  looked  upon  as  the  King  of 

f  Bndandfi 


I 


no  mteryhf  m  pot         Chap.Vl 

°%Englmdh  Subje&s*  And  let  me  know,  From 
B'  time  to  time,  every  thing  that  is  done. 

"  Thus  far  I  have  fpskeft  to  you  relating  to 
u  the  War. 

Then  he  chid  them  for  their  Breach  of  Faith 
^izh  Virginia.  He  told  them,  that  he  was  in- 
formed that  laft  Spring  they  had  kilPd  a  fine 
Gentleman,  with  fome  others,  and  that  a 
Party  $F  the  Omydoes  was  now  there  at  the 
head  of  James  fciver,  with  int&ntibti  to  deftfo^ 
all  the*  Indians  there-about.  They  had  taken 
fix  Prifoners*  whom  he  orderM  them  to  bring 
to  him*  to  be  Reftdred ;  and  that  For  the 
Future  they  fhould  defift  From  dbing  any  fe 
jury  to  the  People  of  Virginia  or  their  Indians^ 
dtherwife  all  thfe  Englifo  would  unite  to  de^ 
itroy  their^  But  at  the  fame  time  he  free'd 
the  Semekas  from  any  blarney  and  commended 
them  as  a  brave  and  konefl  People,  ivhontver  had 
done  any  thing  contrary  to  his  Orders^  except  in 
making  that  unlucky  Fgace  with  the  French  thrU 
years  ago. 

Laftly,  He  recommended  to  them*  Not  id 
fuffer  their  People  to  be  Druhk^  during  the 
War:  A  Soldier  thereby  (hefaid)  loofeshis 
deputation,  becatife  of  the  Advantages  it  will 
give  the  Enemy  over  him. 

This  hoiieft  Gentleman  earneftly  piirfuedi 
the  Intereft  of  his  Country  ;  But,  it  teems* 
his  Meafures  were  not  agreeable  to  thbfe  his 
*     """  Rafter 


Part  I.  fo&an  Nmlonh   I  \\i 

Rafter  had  taken  with  the  French  King;  for 
he  had  Orders  tp  procure  a  Peace  for  the 
French,  and  was  foon  after  t^is  Removed  from 
his  Government,  indeed  fuch  an  A&ive,  as 
well  as  Prudent  Governor  of  New-Tor^  couldl 
not  be  acceptable  to  the  French  %  who  had  the 
Univerfal  Monarchy  in  v^w,  in  \\4m#m  as 
well  as  in  Europe. 

Cofl.  I}wganH  Mellage  to  Mr.  BelSfonvilU 
at  a  tirac  when  the  Crowns  of  England  and 
France  h^d  fo  lately  entred  into  a  ftri<5t  Friend* 
fhip,  had,  no  doubt,  fome  Influence  on  the 
French  (pernor.     But  the  little  Succefs  he 
had  in  his  Expenfive  and  Dangerous  Expe^ 
dition,  together  with  the  Obftiuction  that  the 
French  Trade  met  wi*h  from  the  War,  inclined 
him,  more  efie&ually  to  Propofals  of  Peace, 
which  Coll.  Dongan  was  forced  to  make,  and 
the  Five  Nations  to  yield  to :■  For  notwithstand- 
ing CoH.i>^»^  Advice  to  them,  as  above 
related,  he  by  his  Mafters  Orders  /who  was 
entirely   devoted  to  Bigotry  and  the  French 
Intereft)  obliged  the  Five  Station^  to  agree  to, 
a  Ceflation  of  Artns,   and  to  deliver  up  their 
Prifoners  without  any  Conditions,   in  order 
to  obtain  a  Peace  on  fuch  Terms  as  the  French.. 
fliould  agree  to-    And  that  no  Accident  might 
prevent,  Mx .De  Nonville knt  his  Orders  to  all 
his  Officers  in  the  Indian  Countrys  to  obferve  a 
Ceflation  of  Arms  till  the  Ambafladers  of  the 

tiv§ 


ssss 


' 


r$i%  Wfiorytfthe  jheZ  @hap.VI. 

FtveMatlons  fhould  meet  him  at  Montreal^  they 
tad  given  him  reafon  to  expect  in  a  little  time, 
to  conclude  the  Peace  in  the  ufuai  Form. 

In  the  mean  time,  Adario,  the  chief  of  the 
VeonondtMes,  finding  that  his  Ma^on  wasbet 
come  fufpe&ed  by  the  French,  fince  the  time 
they  hadfhownfo  much  Inclination  to  the 
JEnrUJh  when  they  attempted  to  Trade  ztMifi-. 
tim4ina%,'  Refolved  by  fome  brave  Aftioq 
againft  *t|e  Five  Nations  to  recover  the  good 
Graces  of  the  French. 

*  For  this  Purpbfe  he  Marched  from  m$hn 
mahlmk,  at  the  head  of  a  hundred  Men  ;  and 
that  he  might  aft  with  more  Security,  he  took 
Cadaraekut^oxt  in  his  way  for  Intelligence; 
The  Commandant  informed  him,  that  Mr. 
DeNonville  was  in' hopes  of  concluding  a 
Peace  with  the  Five  Nations,  and  expected  their 
Embafladors  in  eight  or  ten  days  at  Montreal 
ftr  that  purpofe,  and  therefore  defircd  hun  to. 
return  to  Mifilmakinak  without  attempting 
any  thing  that  might  Obftrua  io  good  a; 

Befign.  .    ."    . ,   , .  ,  T 

The  Indian  being  furpnzed  with  this  News, 

was  under  great  Concern  for  his  Nation, 

which  he  was  afraid  would  he  facrificed  to 

the  French  Refentment  or  IntereO:,  but  diffem* 

bled  his  Concern  before  the  Fremh  Qfhcer. 

He  went  from  Cadarackui,  not  to  return  home. 

as  the  Commandant  thought,  b*|t  tp  wait  for.. 

— - - *  g& 


fefe 


mditth  Naticnrl 


li| 


$he  Ambajfadws  of  the  y  Nations  near,  one  of 
theFalls  o(  Cadarackxi  River, by  which  he  knew 
they  jnuft  pafs.     He  did  not  lurk  there  .above 
four  or  five  days  before  the  unhappy  Deputies 
came  guarded  by  forty  young  Soldiers,  who 
Yrere  all  furprized  8c  kill'd  or  taken  Prifoners,. 
As  foon  as  the  Priloners  were  $\\  fecured,  fhe 
cunningl>f  onondadinold  them"That<he  having 
^  been  enformed  By  the  Governor  of  Canada^ 
«  That  Fifty  Warriors  of  tiieir  Nation  were 
*f  to  pafs  this  way  about  this  ;time,    he  had 
#  fecured  this  Pafs,    jaot  doubting  of  intejv 
^  cepting  them.     ,  ,.  ,_.     (  >  , ,  ,    _  :  ,  -  [  .  „ 
'  Xhe AmbaiTadbrs  being  miicti  furprisM  wit& 
the  Frinch  Perfidy,  |ofd  Adhrio  the  Defign  p| 
tfreirjourney,  who,  the  better  to  play  his  part; 
jfeem'd  to  grow  $iad  and  Furious,  declaiming 
againit  Mr.  De  $onmlle7  and  laid,  He  wotildjfoms 
Time  or  other  be    Revenged.  &fr  him  fox  making  & 
Tool  of  him  to  commit,  fitch  horrid  Treachery .  Theirx 
looking  ftedfaftly  on  the  jPnfoners    (among 
whom  Dekanefora  was  ,:the  Principal  A mbaiTa~ 
dor)    Adario  faid  to  tliem^    Go  my,  Brethren,  jf 
%)nty  your  Bonds'?!  and  fend  you  Home  agaifi\  ihoJ 
lour  Nations  he  at  War  ;  71?,?  French  Governor  hai 
made  me  commit  fi  blacky  an  Alii  on j  that  I  (l:*Jl 
never  be  eafy  after  it  till  your  Five  Natibhs  Jhall 
have  taken  full  Vengeance*  .  u%    :L    :  .    .. 

This  was  iufficient  to  perfwade  the,  Amba£ 
■JfSdors  of  the  Truth  of  what  he  faid,  who 
P  affuixd 


114  ft$nj  °f  ^  pe  Chap.  VX 

aflured  him,  That  he  and  his  Nation  might 
snake  their  Peace  when  they  pleafed,  Adaria 
loft  only  one  Man  on  this  occafion,  and  would 
keep  a  Satana  Slave,  (adopted  into  the  Five 
Nations)  to  fill  up  his  place.  Then  he  gave 
Arms,  Powder  and  Ball  to  the  reft  of  the  Pri~ 
foners,  to  enable  them  to  Return. 

The  Ambafladors  were  chiefly,  if  not  all, 
Onnondagas  and  Oneydoes,  who  had  been  l©ng 
under  the  influence  of  the  French  Prfcfts,  and 
ftill  retained  an  AfFe&ion  to  them  j  but  this 
Adventure  throughly  changed  their  thoughts* 
and  irritated  them  fo  heartily  againft  the  French^ 
that  all  the  Vive  Nations  from  this  time  profe- 
cuted  the  War  unanimoufly. 

Adario  deliver'd  the  Slave  (his  Prifoner)  tb 
the  French  at  Mi^ilimahlnak^ ,  who  to  keep  up 
the  Enmity  between  the  Deonondadies  and  the 
Five  Nations,  orderM  him  to  be  ihot  to  Death, 
As  they  carried  him  out,  he  related  the  whole 
of  the  A&ion,  btit  the  French  thinking  that  he 
had  only  contrived  it  to  fave  his  Life,  had 
ho  regard  to  it*  till  the  fatal  Confequences 
calPd  his  Dying  Words  to  theirRemembrance9 
with  forrowful  Reflections. 

The  fame  Drfy  that  the  SataHa   was  fhot, 

Adurid  calPd  one  of  the  Five  Nations,  who  had 

been  long  a  Priloner,  to  be  an  Eye-witnels  of 

-  his  Country-mans  Death,  then  bid  him  make 

his,  Efcape  t®  his  own  Country,  to  give  an 

Account 


******* 


^ 


Bart  I. 


Indian  Nations* 


XI53 


Account  of  the  French  Cruelty,  fram  which 
it  was  not  in  his  Power  to  fave  a  Prifoner  he 
himfelf  had  taken. 

This  heightened  the  Rage  of  the  Five  Nations^ 
fo  that  Mr.  Be  Nonville's  fending  to  difowa 
Mario  (m)  in  this  A£tion,  had  no  effed  upon 
them  :  Their  greafts  admitted  of  no  thought 
but  that  of  Revenge,  It  was  not 
not  long  before  the  French  felt  the  Bioody 
effeftsot  this  cruel  Paffion  j  for  1200  Men  of 
thz  Five  Nations  invaded  the  Ifland  of 'Montreal 
when  the  French  had  no  fufpicion  of  any  luch 
Attempt,  while  M^r.  DeNonvilk  and  his  Lady 
were  in  that  Town.  They  Landed  on  the 
South  fide  of  the  Ifla&d  at  La  Qhim%  out  the 
z6*k  of  fay-*  i;688.  where  they  burnt  and 
lacked  all  the  Plantations,  and  made  a  terrible 
Maflacre  of  Men,  Women  and  Children.  The 
Frenckvjcrc  under  apprehenfion  of  the  Town^a 
Being  attacked,  for  whiqh.  i;eafon5  they  durft 
not  fend,  out  any  considerable  Party  to  the 
Relief  of  the  Country,  till  the  Indians  had 
blocked  up  two, Forts,  when,  Mr- DeNonvilk 
lent  out  a  hundred  Soldiers  apd  fifty  Indians* 
to  try  to  bring  off  the  Men.  T^be  French  of 
this  Party  were  all  either  taken  or  cut  to, 
pieces,  except  one  Soldiei*  and  the  Command- 
ing  Officer,  w  ha  was  carried  off  by  twelve 
Indians  that  made  their  efcape,  after  he  hacl^ 
his  Thigh,  broke,    Ipiere  ^as  above  a.Thou^ 


iff 3|  i$fb*j  °f  *H  Jw      C^ap.  V| 

iktid  of  the  E  ench  kiiPd  at  this  time,  and 
iF^enty  fix  were  carried  away  Prisoners,  the 
gjfeateft  part  of  which  were  burnt  alive.  Th& 
^w^isfaiions  bhly  loft  three  jMen  in  this  Ex- 

f4  edition^  that  got  Drunk,  \and  were  left  be-* 
indVr  ^ThisV  however,  did  not  fatiate  their 
T&rfi  after  Blood  ;  for  fn  OElober  following 
they  deftroy'd  likewife  all  the  lower  pare  of 
the  Ifland,  and  carried  away  many  Prifomer's. 
r:  The  'GdJnfequentcs  of  thefe  Expeditions 
f/ere  very  diftnal  to  the  French^  for  they  were 
fbr£ed  to  burn  their  two  Barks  which  they 
Baden  (tdffafackui  Lakei  and  ^to  abandon  theil 
Fort  therd.    They  defign^d  to  hate  blown  up 
Ifieii  Works  when  they  left  that  place,  and 
for  that  end  left  a  lighted  Match  where  the 
Fowder  lay-  but  were  r  it  fuch  a  Fright,  that 
they  durft  not  ftay  to  fed  what  elect  it  had*, 
"aj^hey  ivefjt  down'  Ctfdar/ickui  Riv^ri  'ill  {even 
Mirch  Canoes,  and  for  greater  Security  travePd 
if  the8  Night.    ;'One  of  the  Ganaes  with  all 
the  me  a*  in  it  was*  lbft  by  their  Precipitation^ 
2$  they  palled  6ne  of  the  Falkof  that  River:' 
The  Five  Nations  hearing  that  the  Frinch  had 
ddeVfed  Cadarackui  PorV' j6  Indians,  went  and 
took  Poffeflion  of  it,   who  fourid  the  Match 
the  fftnik  had  kfiy  which  had  gone  out,  and 
i8  Bafrils  of  Powder  in  the- feme  place1,  toge- 
ther with  {everal  other  Stored 
■  The  News  of  the  Succefe  the  -&%£  Mmom 
'-"""'  \  "  had 


Part  I.  Indian  Nationf.  f-if 

bad  over  the  French,  foon  fpread  itfelf  among 
all  the  Indians,  and  put  the  French  Affairs  every 
Where  into  terrible  Disorder-. 

The  Vtaa/awas  had  always  ihown  an  Incli- 
nation to  the'  Englifk,  and  they  therefore  im* 
immediately  fent  openly  four  Sachems  with 
three  Prifqners'  of  the  Semens  that  they  Jkadf 
to  affure  them,  That  they  would  forever  Re* 
noiihce  all  Friendship  with  the  French,  anal 
promifed  to  Reftore  the  reft  of  thePrifbners; 
They  alfo  included  (even  Nations  that  liv'dk 
near  Miffdmafyhal^,  in  this  Peace! 

Thi'spUt  the  French  Commandant  there  un- 
der'the  greaiceft- -Difficulty  to  maintain  his 
Poll;  burthere  was  no  Choice,  hemuftftand 
his  Ground \  for  the  Five 'Nations,  had  cut  off 
all  hopes  of  Retiring. 

The  Nepecirinuns  and  Kikabous,  of  all  their 
Numerous  Allies;  "only- remained"  firm  to  th$ 
Frenck,tvcry  one  of  the  others  endeavour'd  ta 
gain  the  Friendship  oi  the  fNattons,md  would 
certainly  [  h%ve:  dane  it,  by  Maflacremg  alfc 
she  Frer>ck  among  'them,  if  the  Sieur  f-etot  had* 
not  with  wonderful  Sagacity  and  imminent; 
Hazard'  to  hia'owaPeribn. diverted  them,  for: 
which  Gatuida ■  cannot  dp  too.  Aiuck  Honour  to; 
that  Gentlemans  Meiriory. 

Canada  was  now:  in  a  moil  Miferable  Con* 
dition  •'  for  while  t%e  greateft  Number  of  their 
Men  had  beeii/iiiiflay'd  k\  tha  E^peditio^* 

~  agairzft' 


Ill  W*$  °f  th*  &*  Chap.  VI. 

againft  the  Five  Nations,  and  in  Trading  among 
the  far  Nations,  and  making  New  Difcoveries 
and  Settlements,  Tillage  and  Husbandry  had 
been  neglefted^  now  they  loft  feveral  Thou- 
lands  of  their  Inhabitants  by  the  continual 
Incurfions  of  fmall  Parties,  fa  that  none  durft 
hazard  themfelves  out  of  the  Fortified  Places* 
Indeed,  it  is  not  eafie  to  conceive  whatDiftrcfs 
$he  French,  were  then  under  y  for  tho5  they 
werealmoft  every  where  ftarving,  they  could 
not  Plant  nor  Sow,  or  go  from  one  Visage  to; 
another  for  Relief,  but  with  imminent  Danger 
of  having  their  Scalps  carried  away  by  the 
Sculking  Indians.,  At  laft  the  whole  Country 
feeing  laid  Wafte,  Famine  began  to,  rage,  and 
was  like  to  Have  put;  a  Miferable  End  tQ  that; 
Colony, 

If  the  Indians  had  underftood  the  method 
of  attacking  Forts,  nothing  could  have  pre- 
ferved  the  French,  from  an  entire  Deftruftion 
at  this  time.  For  whoever  confiders  the 
ftate  of  the  Indian  Affairs,  during  this  Period^ 
How  the  0m  Nations  were  divided  in  their 
Sentiements  and  Meafures  ,  The  Qnnon* 
dagasn  Cayngas^  m&:Omjdees.K  under  the  In-, 
fluence  of  the  French  Jeiuits,  were  diverted 
from  profecutiiig  the  War  with  Canada,  by 
the  Jefuits  cunningly  fpiriting  up  thoie  three 
Nations  againft;  the  Virgin^  Indians,  and  per- 
fwading  them  to  fend  out   their  Parties  that 

way.  ^ 


up 


Part  t.  Indian  Nations] 

way  :  The  Sennekas  had  a  War  at  the  fame  time 
upon  their  hands  with  three  numerous  Indian 
Nations,  the  Vtaivhwas,  Chicktaghick*  and 
Twihtwies]:  And  the  Mealures  the  Englift  ob- 
ferved  with  the  French  all  King  famts^s  Reign, 
gave  the  Indians  rather  grounds  of  Jealoufy 
than  Affiftance.  I  fay,  whoever  confiders  all 
th'efe  things,  arid  what  the  Five  Nations  did 
aftually  perform  under  all  thefe  Difadvantages 
againft  the  French,  will  hardly  doubt  that  the 
FiveNatims  by  themfelves  were  at  that  time  ail 
oyer  Match  ioxthcFremhoiCANADA. 


The  End  &f  the  Ftrfi  Part 


35s>0  .. 


SE 


sa^iiiiu 


iWf 


'^v;> 


P*ia 


Wa 


^  $&,&&■■■* 


^.Mk\/ 


mmm&mM